* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Biology 1 Unit 7 Genetics: Punnett squares, Monohybrid and
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases wikipedia , lookup
Synthetic biology wikipedia , lookup
Genome evolution wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression programming wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Human genetic variation wikipedia , lookup
Heritability of IQ wikipedia , lookup
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Dominance (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Public health genomics wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Biology 1 Unit 7 Genetics: Punnett squares, Monohybrid and Dihybrid Crosses, Codominance and Incomplete Dominance, Multiple Alleles, Sex-linked Traits, Pedigrees Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics, Section 11-1 What is Science pp. 263-266 and, Section 11-4 Meiosis, pp. 275-278, Section 11-5 Linkage and Gene Maps, pp. 279-280 and the Glossary Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 10.1 Introduction to Mendelian Genetics, page 213 Gregor Mendel – an Austrian monk whose study of garden peas earned him the title Father of Genetics Genetics – the study of heredity Heredity – the passing of traits from one generation to the next Gene – a section of DNA that determines a specific trait such as eye color Alleles – different forms of the same gene; for example, blue and brown are different alleles for eye color Dominant –a trait that is expressed over another trait Recessive – a trait that can be hidden by another trait Genotype – the combination of alleles for particular trait (homozygous or heterozygous) Homozygous (or pure) – having two of the same alleles for a trait Heterozygous (or hybrid) – having two different alleles for a trait Phenotype – the physical characteristics of an organisms that show how genes are expressed Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics, Section 11-2 Probability and Punnett Squares, pp. 267-269 Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 10.2 Monohybrid Crosses Law of Segregation – a natural law explaining that alternative forms of a gene separate during the formation of gametes (sex cells); they do not mix to form a new trait Monohybrid cross – crossing one trait from two parent organisms Biology 1 Punnett square – a diagram that shows all possible gene combinations for a cross Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 14 The Human Genome, Section 14-1 Human Heredity, pp. 341-348 Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 10.3 Human Autosomal/Genetic Diseases, page 223 Autosomes – all chromosomes except the sex chromosomes (X and Y) Autosomal disease – genetic disease that is carried by a gene on an autosome Carrier – a person who has one recessive gene for a recessive genetic disease; will not display symptoms of the disease but can pass on the gene to offspring Cystic Fibrosis – a genetic disease that causes the body to produce unusually thick, sticky mucus; decreases life expectancy Phenylketonuria (PKU) – a genetic disease where a person is born without the enzyme to break down use phenylalanine, an essential amino acid Tay-Sachs – a fatal genetic disease that causes fatty material to build up in the nerves and brain Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics, Section 11-2 Probability and Punnett Squares, pp. 267-269, Section 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics pp. 270-274 Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 11.1 Dihybrid Crosses Dihybrid cross – studying two traits crossed from parent organisms Law of Independent Assortment - a natural law that explains how traits are inherited independently of other traits Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics, Section 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics pp. 270274 Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 11.2 Incomplete Dominance and Codominance Incomplete dominance – having alleles that do not have complete dominance so the resulting trait is a mix of two alternate traits; for example, red snapdragons crossed white snapdragons produce pink snapdragons Biology 1 Codominance – having two or more alleles that are equally dominant for a trait so that both traits are expressed; for example, roan cattle have both red hair and white hair (not pink) Sick cell anemia – a genetic disease caused by a codominant gene Terms also refer to: Prentice Hall, Biology book by Miller and Levine, Unit 4 Genetics, Chapter 14 The Human Genome, Section 14-2 Human Chromosomes, pp. 349-353 Biology I SATP 2 Review Guide Section 11.3 Linked and Sex-Linked Genes Law of Independent Assortment – a natural law that ecplains how traits are inherited independently of other traits Sex Chromosomes – the one pair of X and Y chromosomes that determine gender Sex-linked genes – genes that are found on either the X or the Y sex chromosomes Red-green color blindness – a sex-linked disorder that is carried on the X chromosome Hemophilia – a sex-linked disease that is carried on the X chromosome Pedigree – a diagram used by geneticists to chart a trait from one generation to another