Download Do Now: Homework: Note Summaries Individual Project

AIM: How did Julius Caesar’s rise act as the
turning point for Roman history?
Do Now: Why is Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar
a tragedy?
Homework:
Note Summaries
Individual Project Summary Paper Due
Agenda:
Project Comments
Notes on Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar primary source document
analysis
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Rome Republic
The Hellenistic period of Greece ended in
146 BCE with the conquest of the Romans
• Rome began in Italy in 800 BCE
• In 509 BCE Roman monarch ended making it
an aristocracy
• The Roman Republic began a period of
expansion of the Mediterranean world
•
• During the Punic Wars (264-246 BCE) Romans
defeated the Phoenician city of Carthage in
North Africa
•
Power struggles among generals led the
republic to end
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Julius Caesar
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Consul, governor, military general
Popularity was a threat to Senate
The Senate called to disband his army
As "Enemy of the State” he broke the law
of crossing the Rubicon River with a
standing army.
Roman Republic erupted in CIVIL WAR
Caesar defeated Pompey’s army
Pompey escaped to Egypt
Caesar arrived and was given Pompey’s head
Caesar made Cleopatra a surrogate ruler
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However when Julius returned to Rome,
• He declared himself dictator
• A conspiracy, of Senators
assassinated Julius
•
Emperors of
Rome
Summary
Augustus
Rome's first emperor. He also added many territories to the
empire.
Claudius
He conquered Britain.
Nero
He murdered his mother and his wife and threw thousands of
Christians to the lions.
Titus
Before he was emperor he destroyed the great Jewish temple
of Solomon in Jerusalem.
Diocletian
He split the empire into two pieces - a western and an
eastern empire.
Constantine
He was the first Christian emperor. He united the empire
again chose his capital to be the small town Byzantium,
which he renamed Constantinople.
Justinian
He was the last 'great' emperor. He conquered many
territories, created the 'Justinian Code'
Constantine
XI
The last emperor of Constantinople. He died defending his
great city against the Turks.
ROME’S EMPIRE
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The Roman Empire
Civil disorder ended in 27 BCE with
rule of Octavian or Augustus Caesar
the grandnephew of Julius
• From 27 BCE to 18 CE is known as the
Pax Romana
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(over 200 years of peace and prosperity)
Pax Romana (Peace & Prosperity)
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System of bridges, aqueducts & roads
served all parts of the empire
Land and sea routes connected Rome to
the Silk Roads
Highway banditry decreased
A common language, Latin promoted unity
Common coinage facilitated trade
Stadiums were constructed to provide
entertainment
• Gladiators
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Jesus was born in the province of Judea
Christianity, a new religion spread easily
because of Roman roads
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Conclusion
Primary Document Analysis
 What kind of man was Julius Caesar?

AIM: How do the Twelve Tables reflect
Roman life?
Do Now: Analyze the following quote from
Cicero on the second page in your packet.
Homework:
Note Summaries
Agenda:
Roman Government
12 Tables
Roman Law
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Roman Government
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Government was centered around
Senate, which was mostly composed of
aristocratic members (makes laws)
The executive branches had two
consuls (enforces laws)
Laws were codified in the Twelve Tables
Conquered people were allowed some
self rule
Provinces geographically close to Rome
were granted citizenship
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
Study the diagram and answer the two
questions that follow on the 1st page of
your packet
The Twelve Tables
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Communal Hygiene
Personal Safety
Strict and Patriarchal Society
Class Division
Harsh Penalties
You can tell a lot about values in society
from a set of laws
Roman Law
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The system of laws of the Romans is the
LONGEST LASTING CONTRIBUTION to
the Western legal tradition
•
Legal Principles
• The defendant is innocent until proven guilty
by court of law
• Right of the defendant to confront their
accusers in court of law
• Right of judges to set aside laws that are
unjust
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Conclusion

The Citizens of Rome activity
AIM: Why did Christianity become the
official religion of the Roman Empire?
Do Now: Analyze the following
“Everywhere roads traced, every district is known, every
country opened to commerce. Smiling fields have
invaded the forests…the rocks are planted, the marshes
drained. There are now as many cities as there were
once solitary cottages. Reefs and shoals have lost their
terrors. Wherever there is a trace of life, there are
houses, well-ordered governments and civilized life.”
-Roman writer during Pax Romana
Homework: Note Summary
Greece and Rome Venn Diagram
Agenda:
Roman Roads
Christianity
Women and Slaves
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
Complete “Roman Roads” page one in
your handout
What kind of people in Rome would
favor Christianity?
Who would favor Christianity?
Jesus Message
Morality, Justice,
Sympathy
Forgiveness,
Mercy
Poor, lower classes
End to Suffering
Life After Death
Christianity

With a partner next to you complete
pages 3 and 4 in your packet
AIM: How do you go about writing an AP
style social studies essay?
Do Now: What makes a great essay?
Homework:
Note Summaries
Agenda:
Essay format
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Women & Slaves in
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Greece & Rome
Families were patriarchal
Women of elite class sometimes owned
property and small businesses
• Women lower than men under the law
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Slavery was common in Greece and Rome
• 1/3rd of population were slaves
• One of the reasons for expansion was to add
more slaves
• Educated Greeks became tutors for Roman elite
• Dependence on slavery led to little development in
technological labor-saving devices
• The Mediterranean world fell behind China &
India within the fields of agriculture &
manufacturing
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Roman Culture
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Culture adopted from Greeks
The Phoenician alphabet used by the
Greeks was modified by Romans
Philosophical thought of Aristotle and
Stoicism became part of Roman life
Greek gods and goddesses were
renamed by the Romans and put into
religious beliefs
The key stone credited to the Romans,
but was more of cultural diffusion from
Greece than independent invention.
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Question

How did the problem the Roman Empire
faced with slave labor comparable to
immigration labor in the United States?
What is a keystone?
Closure
Law: concepts of
justice, equality
before law, & natural
law based on reason
History: Romulus &
Remus, Livy, Rome all
of Europe
Christianity:
was a major
turning point in
the spread of
this new
religion.
THE
LEGACY
OF
ROME
Architecture:
constructed huge
stadiums, temples
and amphitheaters.
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Developed the arch &
dome
Language: Latin
New languages
evolved from it,
Spanish, French,
Portuguese, Italian
& Romanian
Wrote Aeneid and
Virgil
Engineering:
built 1000s miles
of roads,
connected to
distant parts of
empire. Built
bridges &
aqueducts to
supply water to
cities.
Reviewing Key Terms
Greco-Roman: blending of the two
civilizations
 Aqueduct: moves water
 Civil Law: Private laws of individuals
 Law of Nations: people under Roman Rule

Closure
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Collect Essays