Download Chapter 5 Notes Early European answers (Co-Teaching

Chapter Notes 5 “Classical Europe”
I. Ancient Greece “Birthplace of Democracy”
Athens was the home of the world’s first democratic constitution.
A. ________
Aristotle
B. 3 great philosophers were Socrates, Plato, and _____________.
C. During this period, city-states like Athens and Sparta often fought
Peloponnesian War
against each other (___________________).
Alexander the Great
D. 300 B.C., Phillip II and _____________________
conquered all of
Greece.
II. The Rise of Rome
Rome
A. ___________
was settled sometime in 1000 B.C. as a city-state and
dominated much of the Italian Peninsula.
republic
B. Rome started as a monarchy, but changed to ____________(choose)
Julius Caesar who tried to become the 1st emperor.
C. Senators killed ____________
III. From Republic to Empire
senators lost power to emperors of Rome.
A. Under an empire, _________
Caesar ___________
Augustus
was the 1st Roman Emperor.
B. The Roman Empire declined in the A.D. 300s because of changes
in the government, plagues, and foreign _____________.
invaders
Chapter Notes 5 “The Middle Ages”
I. The Rise of Christianity
A. The Catholic Church was a political power in Western Europe led
pope
by a ___________.
B. In Eastern Europe, Christianity was known as Eastern Orthodox
emperor
which was led by an _____________.
Crusades
C. A.D. 1000s, the Church sponsored holy wars known as ________.
II. The Holy Roman Empire
Kingdoms
A. ______________
combined their common law with Roman Law.
B. An important German kingdom known as the Franks was led by
Charlemagne
King _________________.
Europe
C. He expanded his empire throughout Western ____________.
III. Medieval Society
feudalism
A. Most people were farmers who lived under ____________,
lords
land to a noble or knight to work, govern, and defend.
who gave _______
manor
B. The feudal estate became the economic unit known as a ________.
Towns
C. ___________
served as the center of trade and manufacturing.
guilds
D. Manufacturing came under the control of _________,
who trained
young workers, known as ___________.
apprentice
MIDDLE AGES
FEUDALISM -
CITY LIFE
LORD-
SERVED AS-
Received land in exchange
for service to the king.
Centers of trade and
manufacturing
Social & political system based
on loyalty (agriculture)
VASSALS- Nobles/ Knights GUILDSReceived land from the lords in
return for military service.
TENANTS- peasants
Paid rent for their land to work
freely.
Medieval workers
organization (union)
APPRENTICIES-
SERFS- peasants
CHARTERS-
Peasant laborers, who were
not very free.
Written agreement guaranteeing
privileges/freedoms
Young worker who learned a
trade/skill from a master teacher
Chapter 5 “The Beginning of Modern Times”
I. The Renaissance
A.
Renaissance
The _______________
sparked an interest in education, art, and
science in the 1350’s throughout Europe.
B.
language
Writers began to use the ___________
that they spoke every day
instead of Latin or French.
C.
printing
The ___________
press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in
1450.
II. The Protestant Reformation
A.
People who disagreed with the corrupt practices of the Catholic
protestants
Church they became known as _____________.
B.
Luther
Two Protestant leaders were Martin _________
and John Calvin.
III. The Age of Exploration
A. Bartholomeau Dias, Vasco da Gama, and Christopher Columbus
were important ______________
explorers
of this time.
B. The Dutch, English, and French joined the Spanish and Portuguese
to explore and settle with the ______________,
Americas
Asia, and Africa.
Revolution - a great and often violent change.
IV. ____________
British
A. In the 1770’s, American colonies revolted against the __________
and became a model for many revolutions.
French
B. The ____________
Revolution stimulated other peoples to demand
personal and political freedoms.