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Transcript
Evolution and Natural Selection Evolution is… ¡ Change in the gene pool over time 5 Mechanisms of Evolution Know the definition and come up with an example for each 1. Genetic Drift 2. Sexual Selection 3. Mutation 4. Gene Flow 5. Natural Selection Other terms you should know… ¡ Genetic Variation ¡ Coevolution ¡ Inheritance ¡ Artificial Selection ¡ Survival of the fittest ¡ Competition Evidence for Evolution Know how they are used 1. Fossil evidence 2. Comparative Embryology 3. DNA Analysis Charles Darwin ¡ Who was he? ¡ What was the name of the ship he traveled on? ¡ Where did he go? ¡ What theory did he come up with as a result of this trip? Other people to know ¡ Hutton: Earth is really old ¡ Lyell: Principles of Geography: features of the earth change over time ¡ Lamarck: Theory of acquired traits ¡ Organisms working toward perfection ¡ Traits change through use and disuse ¡ Could passed on traits you acquire in your lifetime ¡ Malthus: Economist-continued population growth would lead to a struggle to survive ¡ Wallace: Also came up with theory similar to natural selection, traveled around Asian islands. Natural Selection Individuals with traits more fit to their environment SURVIVE and REPRODUCE more than individuals without those traits Leads to adaptation Requirements for Natural Selection 1. Variation 2. Inheritance 3. Competition (overproduction and struggle for survival) Types of Natural Selection Need to recognize the graph of each. You will be asked to match scenarios to the right type of selection. 1. Directional 2. Stabilizing 3. Disruptive Species ¡ What is our definition? ¡ When does our definition not work? Speciation ¡ What is it? ¡ What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation? ¡ Describe the process of speciation. Reproductive isolation Isolation is key for speciation. Populations can become geographically isolated (allopatric speciation) or reproductively isolated (sympatric speciation) What are the different types of reproductive isolation? Difference between extinct and extant