Download Evolution and Natural Selection

Evolution and Natural Selection
Evolution is…
¡  Change in the gene pool over time
5 Mechanisms of Evolution
Know the definition and come up with an example
for each
1.  Genetic Drift
2.  Sexual Selection
3.  Mutation
4.  Gene Flow
5.  Natural Selection
Other terms you should
know…
¡  Genetic Variation
¡  Coevolution
¡  Inheritance
¡  Artificial Selection
¡  Survival of the fittest
¡  Competition
Evidence for Evolution
Know how they are used
1.  Fossil evidence
2.  Comparative Embryology
3.  DNA Analysis
Charles Darwin
¡  Who was he?
¡  What was the name of the ship he traveled on?
¡  Where did he go?
¡  What theory did he come up with as a result of
this trip?
Other people to know
¡  Hutton: Earth is really old
¡  Lyell: Principles of Geography: features of the earth
change over time
¡  Lamarck: Theory of acquired traits
¡  Organisms working toward perfection
¡  Traits change through use and disuse
¡  Could passed on traits you acquire in your lifetime
¡  Malthus: Economist-continued population growth
would lead to a struggle to survive
¡  Wallace: Also came up with theory similar to natural
selection, traveled around Asian islands.
Natural Selection
Individuals with traits more fit to their environment
SURVIVE and REPRODUCE more than individuals
without those traits
Leads to adaptation
Requirements for Natural
Selection
1.  Variation
2.  Inheritance
3.  Competition (overproduction and struggle for
survival)
Types of Natural Selection
Need to recognize the graph of each. You will be
asked to match scenarios to the right type of
selection.
1.  Directional
2.  Stabilizing
3.  Disruptive
Species
¡  What is our definition?
¡  When does our definition not work?
Speciation
¡  What is it?
¡  What is the difference between allopatric and
sympatric speciation?
¡  Describe the process of speciation.
Reproductive isolation
Isolation is key for speciation. Populations can
become geographically isolated (allopatric
speciation) or reproductively isolated (sympatric
speciation)
What are the different types of reproductive
isolation?
Difference between extinct
and extant