Download STUDY GUIDE-5Mendelian Genetics

STUDY GUIDE 5: MENDELIAN GENETICS
Chapters 13-15
BIG IDEA 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to information essential to life
processes.
Enduring Understanding 3.A. Heritable information provides for continuity of life.
BIG IDEA 4: Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex
properties.
Enduring Understanding 4.C. Naturally occurring diversity among and between components
within biological systems affects interactions with the environment.
Learning Targets
13.2-13.4 I can explain how meiosis is reduction division and how it is
followed by fertilization ensures genetic diversity in sexually reproducing
organisms
Details include:
a. how meiosis ensures haploid cells
b. orientation of paired homologous chromosomes
c. how separation of homologous pairs produces haploid cells
d. crossing over increases genetic variation
e. fertilization involves fusion of gametes, increases variation, and
restores diploid number of chromosomes
14.1-14.2 I can explain how segregation and independent assortment of
chromosomes result in genetic variation
Details include:
a. segregation and independent assortment apply to genes on different
chromosomes
b. adjacent genes on the same chromosome tend to move as a unit
c. the pattern of inheritance (monohybrid, dihybrid, sex-linked, and
linked genes) can be predicted from genotype/phenotype data
14.3 I can use an example to describe how environmental factors may
influence many traits both directly and indirectly.
Illustrative examples:
a. Flower color based on soil pH
b. Effect of increased UV on melanin production in animals
c. Lactose Tolerance
14.4A I can use an example of a genetic disorder to explain how some can
be attributed to the inheritance of single gene traits or non-disjunction.
Illustrative examples:
a. Sickle cell
b. X-linked Color blindness
c. Trisomy 21/Down Syndrome
14.4B I can discuss some of the ethical, social, and medical issues
surrounding human genetic disorders
Illustrative examples
a. reproductive issues (eugenics)
b. civic issues such as ownership of genetic information, privacy,…
15.2-15.3A I can use the rules of probability to analyze the passage of traits
from parent to offspring
Related Materials
1. Textbook 13.2-13.4
2. Case Study-Down Syndrome
3. AP Lab: Mitosis & Meiosis
1. Textbook 14.1-14.2
2. Activity 14-1 Vocab
Review
3. Case Study-Down
Syndrome
4. Dragon Genetics
1. Textbook 14.3
2. Natural Selection of Lactose
Tolerance (video clip)
1. Textbook 14.4
2. Case Study-Down Syndrome
3. Critical Thinking-Meiosis
1. Textbook 14.4
2. Case Study-Down
Syndrome
1. Textbook 15.2-15.3
2. WS-Genetics Problems
15.2-15.3B I can explain how segregation and independent assortment of
chromosomes result in genetic variation
Details include:
a. segregation and independent assortment apply to genes on different
chromosomes
b. adjacent genes on the same chromosome tend to move as a unit
c. the pattern of inheritance (monohybrid, dihybrid, sex-linked, and
linked genes) can be predicted from genotype/phenotype data
1.
2.
3.
4.
15.3 I can describe examples of traits determined by genes on sex
chromosomes
Illustrative examples
a. sex-linked genes (X chromosome in humans)
b. small Y chromosome with few genes (flies & humans)
c. X-linked recessive traits always expressed in males
d. Sex-limited traits such as milk production in female mammals, and
pattern baldness in males
15.4A I can use an example of a genetic disorder to explain how some can
be attributed to the inheritance of single gene traits or non-disjunction.
Illustrative examples:
a. Sickle cell
b. X-linked Color blindness
c. Trisomy 21/Down Syndrome
15.4B Describe how alterations in a DNA sequence may lead to changes in
the polypeptide produced and the consequent phenotype
Details include:
a. DNA mutations can be positive, negative, or neutral
b. Errors in DNA replication, DNA repair and external factors lead to
mutations
i.
Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation
c. Describe errors in mitosis or meiosis that can result in changes in
phenotype
i.
Changes in chromosome number often result in new phenotypes,
including
sterility caused by triploidy and increased vigor of other
polyploids.
ii.
Changes in chromosome number often result in human disorders
with
developmental limitations, including Trisomy 21 (Down
syndrome) and XO (Turner syndrome).
15.5A I can explain the inheritance pattern of polygenic or multifactorial
traits Details include: Do not follow mendelian inheritance rules
1. Textbook 15.3
2. WS-Genetics Problems
15.5B I can explain how traits can result from nonnuclear inheritance
(mitochondria & chloroplasts)
Details include
a. Do not follow mendelian inheritance rules
b. In animals, mitochondrial DNA is transmitted by the egg
Textbook 15.2-15.3
Case Study-Eye Color
WS-Genetics Problems
AP Lab 7: Mitosis & Meiosis
1. Textbook 15.4
2. Case-Study-Down Syndrome
1. Textbook 15.4
2. Case-Study-Down Syndrome
1.
2.
3.
1.
Textbook 15.5
Dragon Genetics
Case Study-Eye Color
Textbook 15.5