Download IMMUNE SYSTEM NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSE

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Warm-up 5/16:
Name four parts of the digestive system and
state their function.
Notes: Lymphatic System,
Blood & Non-Specific Immune
pp 940-942
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Function: carries fluids that collect in tissues to
blood stream
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Structures
a. the fluid that moves through the lymphatic
vessels  lymph
b. fluid moves by muscle contractions
c. nodes filter microorganisms, tissue, and
foreign junk
d. lymphocytes: specialized white blood cells
that fight disease
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transports nutrients, O2, CO2, & waste
defends the body against disease
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plasma: liquid medium
red blood cells (erythrocytes): transport CO2
and O2
white blood cells (leukocytes): defend
against disease
platelets: form blood clots
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made of 90% water, sugar, salts, amino
acids, vitamins, minerals
yellow in color
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most common in the
blood
made in red bone
marrow
made of iron-containing
hemoglobin
lack of nucleus leaves
space to transport
materials
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form in red bone marrow but mature in the
lymph nodes
many types of white blood cells
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partial cells formed in bone marrow
release chemicals to attract a protein called
fibrin to make clots
PP. 957-960
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Fights pathogens to
prevent infections and
disease
Works with the lymphatic
system (collects fluid and
returns it to the blood)
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Bone marrow: produces blood
cells
Lymphocytes: white blood cells
(wbc)
Lymph nodes: stores wbc
Thymus: matures wbc
Spleen: contains wbc that clean
out pathogens as blood filters
through
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pathogens: cause disease
1. viruses: protein shell containing DNA or
RNA
2. bacteria
3. Fungi (spores)
4. Parasites
5. Toxins (snake bites etc)
6. allergens: cause allergies
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Study page 957
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Protects body against any pathogen,
regardless of the pathogen’s identity.
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Skin: block entry
mucous membranes: trap
pathogens and move them
out of the body
stomach acids: destroys
pathogens
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Inflammatory response
1. Injured cells release a chemical signal
called histamine to increase blood flow to
area
2. platelets cause clotting trapping
pathogens
3. Area swells, becomes warm, and
macrophages/phagocyte (wbc)
move in and engulf bacteria
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interferons: enzymes that stop virus protein
production
fever: slow growth of bacteria or increase
activity of wbc
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Non-specific Immune Poster
Exam: Human Bio #2 Friday May 23, 2014
 Intervention Wednesday 5/21 & Thursday 5/22
from 2:45pm to 3:30 pm.
PP. 961-966
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lymphatic system
spleen
lymphocytes
1. B-cells: wbc that mature in
bone marrow
2. T-cells: wbc that mature in
thymus
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wbc have receptors to the antigens (pieces of
a pathogen) that cause an immune response
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2-part attack: cell mediated and humoral
Starts with an initial response
Cell-mediated: Killer T-Cell production
Humoral: B-Cell production
Initial
response
Cell-mediated
T-Cell
production
Humoral
B-Cell
production
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macrophage engulfs pathogen and puts
antigens on its surface
Helper T-cell binds to antigen
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Macrophage releases a chemical (INK-1)
which causes the Helper T-cell to release
INK-2
INK-2
Cell-mediated
T-Cell
production
Initial
response
INK-2
Humoral
B-Cell
production
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INK 2 stimulates the production of more
Helper T Cells and production of Cytotoxic T
Cells
Cytotoxic T Cell (killer T cell): punctures and
kills infected body cells.
Initial
response
Cell-mediated
T-Cell
production
Humoral
B-Cell
production
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IN-2 causes B-cells to divide
Most B-cells change to plasma cells
plasma cells produce and secrete antibodies
 Y-shaped protein that
deactivates viruses,
and clumps them
making it easier for
macrophages to
engulf and destroy
them
Some B-cells become memory cells (Body’s long
term defense system)
 When exposed to a pathogen a 2nd time memory
cells immediately recognize and destroy it before it
causes illness.
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Study Guide Due Tuesday
Tracing Pathway of immune Response
due Wednesday