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Transcript
HOW POPULATIONS EVOLVE Big Idea 1/Topic 2 BIG IDEA 1: EVOLUTION MAIN TOPICS Genes, Populations and Evolution Natural Selection Maintenance of Diversity Essential Knowledge The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life. Learning Outcomes Genes, Populations and Evolution Explain how evolution in populations is related to a change in allele frequencies. List the five conditions necessary to maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Apply the Hardy-Weinberg principle to estimate equilibrium genotype frequencies. Describe the agents of evolutionary change. 1.A.1.c, e - h 1.A.2.a, c 1.A.4.a, b 1-3 1.B.1.a 2-3 Determine the type of natural selection operating on a trait by the change in shape of a phenotype distribution. 1.C.3.b.IE Explain how sexual selection drives adaptation for increased fitness. 4.C.1.b.1 Maintenance of Diversity 4.C.3.c Identify the ways in which diversity is maintained in populations. Natural Selection Compare and recognize the difference between a population undergoing stabilizing, directional and disruptive selection. Describe why heterozygote advantage is a form of stabilizing selection, and demonstrate how with examples of sickle cell disease & cystic fibrosis. Essential Questions: What is the connection between change in the environment and change in allele frequencies? How can the Hardy-Weinberg mathematical model be used to analyze genetic drift and effects of selection in the evolution of populations? Elk Biology is the science. Evolution is the concept that makes biology unique. - Jared Diamond ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY Population Microevolution Population genetics Gene pool Allele frequency Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) Hardy-Weinberg principle Mutation Gene flow Reproductively isolated Genetic drift Bottleneck effect Founder effect Inbreeding Nonrandom mating HARDY-WEINBERG Assortative mating Polygenic Stablizing selection Directional selection Disruptive selection Sexual selection Fitness Sexual dimorphism Cost-benefit analyses Dominance heirarchies Territory Territoriality Heterozygote advantage Sickle-cell disease Cystitic fibrosis