Download 2nd Exam 2015

____________________________________________
Name
__________
SUID
BIO 447 Immunobiology
Second Hourly Exam (Filename: 44715Exam2.doc)
I.
(25 Pts)
100 Points
______ (Precise Matching)
II. (15 Pts)
______ (Antibody Genetics)
III. (15 Pts)
______
IV. (15 Pts)
______ Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis
V. (15 Pts)
______ (Monoclonal Antibodies)
VI. (15 Pts)
______ (Tissues & Organs of the Immune Response)
Total : (100 Pts) ______
(Cells of the Immune Response)
November 10, 2015
p. 2
I.(25 pts) Each of the items in Column A has a Single Best matching item in Column B. Each item in Column B can be used ONLY
ONCE. If you use an item more than once, it will be marked wrong wherever it appears. From Column B select the Number that BEST
matches each item in Column A. Enter that number in the blank next to the item in Column A.
_______Column A___________________
___________________Column B_____________________
_____
Glial Cells
1. Can be used to treat follicular B-cell lymphoma; Antibody to Fab Region
___
Helper T-Cells
2. Interspersed among columnar ciliated epithelial cells; contain macrophages
____
Avidin
3. Primary lymphoid organ
____
CD20 on B-cell leukemia
4. Ricin replacing Fc region in an anti-cancer antibody
____
Myeloid Series Cell
5. co-stimulatory molecule on APC. Binds to CD28
___
CD34
6. Can bind circulating leucocytes to endothelial linings
___
M-Cells and MALT
7. Coded for by Variable region genes and diversification and joining region genes
____
B7
8. Macrophage-like cell in the brain
____
Stromal cell
9. Isotype activating basophils and mast cells
____
Thymus
10. Macrophages in the brain
__
Erythropoetin
11. Supporting tissue for example in bone marrow
___
Heavy chain Fab Regions
12. Uses mouse CDR’s and human Fc
___
Immunotoxin
13. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Marker
____
Autologous
14. Use CD4 co-receptors and IL1 receptors to interact with activated macrophages
____
Megacaryocytes and platelets
15. Secondary lymphoid organ
____
CAM
16. Stimulates Red Blood Cell production
___
Myeloma Cell
17. From the patient her/him self
__
Humanized mouse monoclonal antibody
18. Target for Rituxin
____
Anti-idiotype antibody
19. Neutrophil
____
Cervical lymph node
20. Control blood clotting
___
Cytokines and chemokines
21. Getting out of the blood stream
____
extravasation
22. Dendritic cells in the skin
____
Langerhans cells
23. Is immortal
_____
IgE
24. Has high affinity for biotin
____
Osteoclasts
25. Signal molecules released from granules
p. 3
II. (15 Pts) Antibody Genetics
1.(3 Pts)
Diversity in antibody recognition comes from differences in V-region sequences in the H and L chains and the combinations
of various genes coding for V-region components to produce the CDR’s. That diversity is enormously increased by “combinatorial”
association. What is “combinatorial association referring to? What two things are being combined to give the enormous increase in
diversity of antigen recognition?
2. (3 Pts) The genetics of generating antibody diversity from a limited number of genes was illustrated by using an example from
everyday life. What was the example of coding from everyday life that was used to demonstrate how a limited genome can generate
virtually an infinite number of possible antibody specificities?
3. (3 Pts) What does “J” stand for?
4. (3 Pts) What genetic components for antibody diversity do the heavy chains have the light chains do not?
5. (3 Pts) What specific process is this graphic illustrating with the arrows linking the Combined V-region genes for the heavy
chain in the generation of antibody diversity?
Combined V-Region Genes for Heavy Chain
p. 4
III. (15 Points) Cells of the Immune Response
(3 Pts Each)
1. We speak of lymphoblasts or myeloblasts or of lymphoblastic leukemia. What is a “blast” cell?
2. A dendritic cell is an antigen-presenting cell that has a large collection of hairy projections from its surface that gives the cell its name,
“Dendritic”, similar to dendrites on nerve cells. Why is it an advantage for these antigen-presenting cells to have such hairy projections?
3. An anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody attached to an insoluble material is used to isolate stem cells from a mixture of blood cells. Why
does that work?
4. A helper T-cell needs a CD4 co-receptor in order to respond to an antigen being presented by a macrophage. What else does the T-cell
need in order to respond to the antigen being presented?
5. Among the cells involved in the immune response are “polymorphonuclear” leucoctyes or “PMN’s”.
Name two different cell types that are PMN’s.
p. 5
IV. (15 pts) Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis
This is a key graphic presented in class dealing with Cells of the Immune System. Please respond to the questions.
1. Why are the mice lethally irradiated?
2. Why don't the mice die if they are "lethally" irradiated? Why does the treatment symbolized by the syringe allow the mice to live?
3. Why are fewer cells used for the lower mouse in the graphic compared to the upper mouse shown?
4. What is the exact correlate of this procedure in clinical human medicine? (i.e. What medical procedure is almost exactly like this?)
5.
In clinical applications of this procedure why not just give transfusions of whole blood (differentiated blood cells) from the
peripheral circulation of blood donors? What is the advantage of using the enriched stem cells shown in the graphic?
p. 6
V. (15 pts) Monoclonal Antibodies
A. (3 Pts) A cell that is a combination of a normal B-cell and of a leukemic myeloma cell is used to make monoclonal antibodies. What
is this combined cell population called?
B. (6 Pts) A DNA-toxin called Aminopterin is used to kill off any unfused myeloma cells. The fused cells survive because they can
make DNA precursors in the presence of Aminopterin.. What happens to the unfused normal B-cells and why does that happen?
C. (3 Pts) We speak of a ‘fully humanized” monoclonal antibody. What does that means?
D. (3 Pts) What is one advantage of using a “fully humanized” monoclonal antibody in the clinical management of disease?
VI. (15 Pts). Tissues and Organs of the Immune Response
(3 Pts Each)
1. The black circles in the graphic below are stained lymphocytes.
What is happening quantitatively to the lymphocytes?
2.
What is happening qualitatively to the lymphocytes that prevents them from being a source of pathology for the host?
3.
What is happening to the lymphocytes in terms of their CD4 and CD8 co-receptors?
4.
Where to those lymphocytes originally come from?
5.
What is the significance of the thymus epithelial cells? What do they “tell” the lymphocytes?