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Transcript
Chapter 20 Study Guide Chemistry / Bly Important: You do not have to do this assignment. You will not receive points for doing it. You should practice these questions until you can do them WITHOUT your book, notes or help from anyone. You should review homework, quizzes and other assignments for complete test preparation. These questions are only examples. Different chemicals will be on the test. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Be able to define all boldface words from Ch. 20. How many valence electrons does a carbon atom have? How many covalent bonds can each carbon atom form? How is ethanol produced in nature? Be able to write the molecular formula of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes with 1-10 carbon atoms. Example: what is the molecular formula of hexane? 6. Is hexene saturated or unsaturated? Name molecules containing hydrogen and carbon by the IUPAC system rules. Examples: 7. Name these: a. _____________________________ b. _____________________________ H H H H H H H H C C C C C C H H H H H H H H H H C C C H H H H H H H H C C C C H H H C H H H c. _____________________________ d. _____________________________ CH3 e. _____________________________ CH3 CH CH CH3 CH3 CH CH CH3 g. _____________________________ CH3 CH2 C CH CH2 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 h. ______________________________ Give the IUPAC and common name of substituted benzenes. Example: 8. IUPAC systematic name: _________________________ Common name: ____________________ CH3 CH3 9. Name organic molecules containing halogens and oxygen. 10. Name these: a. ________________________________ b. _____________________________ CH3 Br CH3 CH3 CH CH CH2 c. __________________________ CH3 CH OH CH2 C O CH2 CH2 C OH CH3 d. _____________________________ O CH3 CH3 C CH2 CH3 e. ______________________________ O f. _____________________________ O CH3 CH CH2 CH2 CH3 Be able to draw structural formulas of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters from the name. Examples: 11. 7, 7-diethyl 8,6,6-trimethyl 1-nonene 12. 4-methyl 2-pentyne 13. 2-pentanone 14. Methyl propyl ether 15. ethanal 16. 2-propanol 17. Decanoic acid 18. Propyl methyl ester Be able to identify the functional group (circle it) and identify the molecular class. Example: 19. For the following, circle the functional group and write the class of functional group it is (alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid or ester). Do NOT write the IUPAC name. a. Class:________________________ b. Class: ____________________ O CH3 CH2 CH2 O-H CH3 C O CH3 20. Be able to draw isomers of an alkane and explain why they are isomers. Example: Draw heptane. Then draw two isomers of it. Explain why they are isomers. Be able to predict the product of any type of chemical reaction we have learned (a. substitution reaction b. dehydrogenation reaction c. Hydrogenation d. Halogenation) and identify the reaction type. Examples: For the following, name the type of chemical reaction and draw the structural formula of the products. a. substitution reaction b. dehydrogenation reaction c. Hydrogenation d. Halogenation 21. Reaction type: ______ CH3—CH2—CH3 + Br2 22. Reaction type: ______ CH2 CH CH2 CH3 + Br2 CH3 + H2 23. Reaction type: ______ CH2 CH CH2 24. Reaction type: ______ CH3—CH2—CH3 Draw the products produced by a condensation reaction between an alcohol and carboxylic acid. Example: 25. Write the structural formula of the ester that is made from propanoic acid and 1octanol. 26. Acrylonitrile can make polymers that are used in paints and clothing fabric, including the fabric used in some of Bly’s clothes. Bly is allergic to wool, so he is happy that he can buy clothes made of acrylic polymer. Draw the dimer formed from two acrylonitrile molecules. + 27.