Download Midterm Review Exercise - Business Information Management

BILKENT UNIVERSITY
APPLIED SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
BUSINESS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
92 100 INTRODUCTION to PSYCHOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW
1. Elif is planning to take a group of children on a field trip to a big-city museum.
She wants all the children to wear identical T-shirts. That way, all children
wearing identical T-shirts will be recognized as part of the group. This example
demonstrates the principle of perceptional organization called:
a) Similarity
b) Proximity
c) Orientation
d) Textural gradients
e) None of the above
2. When you perceive an object as being closer to you because it blocks out part
of the background, you are using the depth cue called
a) Interposition
b) Linear perspective
c) Reduced clarity
d) Movement gradient
e) None of the above
3. A dog classically trained to salivate to the sound of middle C on the piano, will
also salivate to C sharp (a slightly different tone). This is due to:
a) Stimulus discrimination
b) The signaling of significant events
c) Predictability
d) Reconditioning
e) Stimulus generalization
4. Which of the following learning psychologists does not belong with the others?
a) Pavlov
b) Thorndike
c) Skinner
5. Todd feels happy whenever he smells chocolate-chip cookies baking because,
when he was a child, his grandmother, whom he loved very much, used to bake
chocolate-chip cookies for him whenever he visited her. In this example, the CS
is
a) the smell of chocolate-chip cookies baking.
b) the happiness Todd feels when he smells chocolate-chip cookies
baking.
c) Todd's grandmother.
d) the happiness Todd felt when he visited his grandmother.
6. If the CS is no longer paired with the UCS, eventually the UCR disappears.
This is a process known as
a) Spontaneous recovery
b) Acquisition
c) Shaping
d) Predictability
e) Extinction
BILKENT UNIVERSITY
APPLIED SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
BUSINESS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
7. An analogy: Skinner is to _____ as Pavlov is to __________.
a) Classical conditioning; operant conditioning
b) Operant conditioning; classical conditioning
c) Stimulus; response
d) Response; stimulus
e) Dogs ; Pigeons
8. A stimulus that causes an automatic (reflexive) response in an organism
BEFORE the organism has been classically conditioned is called a(n)
a) CS.
b) CR.
c) UCS.
d) UCR.
9. The convergence of parallel lines, giving the feeling of distance, is
called
a)
linear perspective
b)
aerial perspective
c)
convergence
d)
relative size
10. A person who is blind in one eye uses more ________ cues than
________ cues
a)
inferential; stimulus
b)
monocular; binocular
c)
memory; perceptual
d)
binocular; monocular
11. The brain and spinal cord are part of the peripheral nervous system.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
12. If we wanted to quickly discover a general relationship between two
variables in a large group of people, which kind of study would we want to
perform?
a)
a computational study
b)
a correlational study
c)
a controlled study
d)
a case study
13. Which of the following is an example of a negative correlation?
a)
People with better grades in high school tend to get better grades in
college.
b)
People who sleep more than is normal tend to wake up feeling more
groggy.
c)
The fewer the number of calories consumed, the longer that people
tend to live.
d)
The more that spouses interact positively, the greater is their
marital satisfaction.
BILKENT UNIVERSITY
APPLIED SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
BUSINESS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
14. Nonexperimental methods are unscientific
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
15. If you change (manipulate) the participant's environment, you are
probably using
a)
the experimental method
b)
a non-experimental method
16. Observation is an experimental method.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
17. Only experimental methods allow you to know what causes behavior.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
18. Alcoholism is associated with biological heredity (genes): children of
alcoholics are more likely to develop alcoholism, even when they are
brought up in adoptive families. Given this fact, would it be correct to
conclude that alcoholism is caused solely by genes?
a)
Yes: children of alcoholics are more likely to develop alcoholism.
b)
Yes: these studies show that family environment is not important.
c)
No: alcoholism is a mental disorder and must have mental causes.
d)
No: alcoholism has many causes, one of which is biological heredity.
19. Men, value __________ more than women, in a potential mate.
a)
youth and beauty
b)
intellect
c)
friendliness and a good sense of humor
d)
an outgoing personality
20. Learning can be best defined as:
a) a change in behavior related to mental event
b) the acquisition of information through research
c) a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience
d) an improvement in abilities resulting from formal instruction