Download traditional funding Establish Climate Change (and DRR) Fund

Responding to Climate Change Through Flood
Early Warning System
Gehendra B. Gurung
Practical Action Nepal
Local Practitioners and Climate Change Finance
in Asia-Pacific
30-31 October 2012
Bangkok
Presentation Structure
• Understanding Local Climate Change,
Its Effects and Implications at Local Level
• Identifying Actions to respond to Climate
Change and Its Effects at Local Level
• Source of Funding
• Way Forward
Climate Change in respect to rainfall and its Effects
y = 0.5997x + 61.417
R2 = 0.0984
Number of days with rain >= 100 mm
120
600
Year (Flood)
500
1987, 106
1975
100
1998
2023 (1966)
2040 Shrawan (1983)
2050 Bhadra (1993)
2060 Bhadra (2003)
2063 Bhadra (2006)
400
1976-80
1981-85
1986-90
1991-95
1996-00
2001-05
300
60
1982
1977
40
1992, 35
200
20
100
2001
2003
1997
1999
1993
1995
1989
1991
1985
1987
1981
1983
1977
1979
1973
1975
0
1971
Days
80
Year
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Return year
17 years
10 years
10 years
3 years
40
30
30
20
29
10
0
28
-10
-20
27
-30
80
Increase in landslides
81
82
83
84
Increased debris flow
85
86
87
88
-40
Increase in flashfloods
and inundation
Implications of Changes in Rainfall
• Frequent and intensive flood and landslides compared to past
• Off-seasonal floods and landslides – increasing uncertainties
• Unaware of communities to changes in hazards characteristics
from long term perspectives
• The traditional knowledge and practices are inadequate to
respond to climate change and its impacts
• Need of Early Warning System as one of the strategies to
strengthen the capacity of the communities for preparedness
and response climate uncertainties
Establishment of Flood Early Warning System to
Respond to Climate Change (rainfall and its effects)
Risk Assessment
and Knowledge
Responding
Capacity
Elements
of Early
Warning
Risk Monitoring
and Warning
Communication and
Dissemination
Participatory Risk Assessment
• Review of Historic Timeline of Floods
-
Affected communities and households
Level of flood at community site
Date and time of flood
Appraisal of Lives and Assets loss
Values of assets
• Visiting Upstream River Gauge Station
-
Tallying community record and record in gauge station
(date and time, level of river, etc.)
Estimating lead time
• Estimating lead time
• Setting warning levels
-
First warning
Second warning
Third warning
Monitoring and Warning of risk information to
communities and stakeholders
River Gauge Station
(Information Generation)
To Server by
Telemetry
Internet
SMS
Telephone
Key Stakeholders
- CDO
- Police
- Red Cross
- Local FM Radios
- etc
Communities
- Chair of VDMC
- Task Force
- Households
Internet
Building Capacity for Preparedness and Responses
-
Identification and Improvement of evacuation
routes
-
Identification and Improvement of temporary
shelters
-
Establishing a community emergency centre –
equipped with rescue equipment and materials
-
Preparing community task forces for response
-
Trainings to the communities
Scaling up and sustainability strategy
• Integrate the established EWS in to the
existing government Development and DRR
programmes
• Provide technical supports to both
government and non-government
organisations
• Influence policies and practices of government
and non-government organisations
Three major challenges
• Sustainable and regular funding to Climate
Change
• Institutional mechanism and arrangements for
planning, implementing, monitoring,
supervising climate change programmes and
activities and
• Technical capacity for climate change
programmes and activities
Source of Funding for the case
• The source of funding for this particular
case is DIPECHO
• Most of the Climate Change and DRR
actions are still project based
• Ensuring mainstreaming and regular
funding to such initiatives are the
challenges for sustainability
Some Efforts made
• Policy exists for Climate Change Fund. However institutional
mechanism for management and utilisation of the fund yet to be
materialised
• Policy also exists to spend 80% of climate finance at local level
• Budget code for climate change created for mainstreaming and it
has to be implemented
• Community Level (Ward Level) Citizen Forums have been formed
for planning, implementing, supervising and monitoring
development activities. They need to be supported and linked up
with National level funding and technical capacity development
activities including climate change
Way Forward - Finance
• Integrate Climate Change Adaptation and DRR plans into Development
Plans at local level (Community, Village Development Committee and
District Development Committee) to connect to periodic/ traditional
funding
• Establish Climate Change (and DRR) Fund at national level for supporting
local adaptation plans in line with Climate Change Policy
• Mobilise the Climate Change Fund through local institutions (DDC, VDC
and Community Institutions) including Non-governmental Organisations
• Ensure that Climate Change funding from international mechanisms and
sources (UN Funds, Bi-lateral and Multilateral Funds) reaches the most
vulnerable communities through Climate Change Fund and
Mainstreaming / Integration at the local level plans and programmes
Way forward – Institutional and Legislation
• An overall fund management mechanism should be
established at national level (probably) under Climate Change
Council
• Develop local technical experts (at community, VDC and
District Level) for planning, implementation and monitoring of
Climate Change Adaptation and strengthen their capacity
• Establish technical support mechanism to local level from the
central and district levels
Thank You