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Some mood disorders include… Clinical Depression Bi-Polar Disorder Post Partum Depression Seasonal Affective Disorder Clinical Depression: What is It? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Long lasting feelings of sadness, despair for weeks, months, or longer. Inability to feel joy, hope, passion, satisfaction. Not necessarily from trauma or loss. Experienced by 8 – 18% of population. Gender, age, marital status, genetic predisposition, a history of depression Deep sadness, apathy, fatigue, agitation, sleep disturbances, weight/appetite changes, lack of concentration, feelings of worthlessness, morbid thoughts Medication, counseling, combination of both The Treatment Progression Bi-Polar Disorder: What is It? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Mood shifts from extreme happiness to overwhelming despair, affects men and women equally, typically starts in adolescence or young adults Genetic predisposition, risk increases 10-15 times Manic Phase- extremely talkative, restless, delusional, racing thoughts, hypersexuality, angry outbursts, lack of concentration Depressive Phase- abnormally low mood, hopelessness, feelings of guilt, changes in appetite and/or sleep patterns, withdrawal from others, suicidal Medications, counseling, support groups The Many Faces of Bi-Polar Check out “A-Z of BiPolar” on YouTube for a long list of famous people who have lived with Bi-Polar Disorder Seasonal Affective Disorder: What is It? Depression that occurs with reduced exposure to sunlight because eyes transmit less light energy along the optic nerve and release more melatonin Reduced sun exposure Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Increased appetite, decreased physical activity, irritability, general depression, symptoms exist primarily during dark, winter months Light therapy, exposure to natural sunlight whenever possible, exercise How to treat S.A.D. Post-Partum Depression: What is It? Overwhelming depression that may last for several months after birth of baby. Affects 10 – 15% of new moms. Risk Factors Stress, isolation, decrease in estrogen and endorphins Symptoms Treatment Deep sadness, frequent crying, insomnia, fatigue, irritability, fear of harming the baby, over concern for the baby, appetite and sleep disturbances, memory loss, lack of interest in baby Support groups, antidepressant medications, estrogen therapy Post Partum Depression Actress Gwyneth Paltrow Some anxiety disorders include… Generalized Anxiety Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Panic Attacks Post Traumatic Stress Disorders Phobia: What is It? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Excessive fear of certain objects, situations, or people where the fear in not in proportion with the level of danger. May run in families; strike more than 1 in 10 people. Usually first appears in adolescence or adulthood Extreme avoidance of the object of fear, panic attacks, heart palpitations, extreme stress symptoms Cognitive Behavioral therapy, relaxation and breathing exercises, Exposure therapy So many phobias…. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: What is It? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Urgent need to repeat a thought or action. The obsessions are the disturbing thoughts, the compulsions are rituals or behavior that is performed to try to prevent or reduce the obsessive thoughts. Disorder that affects men and women equally, 1 in 50 often show up in teens, early adulthood. Obsessions-uncontrollable thoughts or impulses occur repeatedly Compulsions-performed behaviors or rituals to control disturbing thoughts Cognitive behavior therapy (exposure and response prevention) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder: What is It? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Reoccurring state of anxiety, fear and tenseness, much more than the normal anxiety people experience day to day, nothing seems to provoke it. Genetic, brain chemistry, poor coping skills, more common in women Diagnosed when someone spends at least 6 months worrying excessively about a number of everyday problems. Physical symptoms may include: headaches, muscle tension, irritability, sweating, nausea, frequent urination Medication, cognitive-behavior therapy, relaxation techniques, often diminishes with age General Anxiety Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: What is It? Symptoms Treatment After effects of a past event keeping a person from living in a normal way. May relate to terrifying past experience i.e. rape, shooting, natural disaster Reliving the trauma in the form of nightmares, flashbacks, disturbing recollections, sleep problems, depression, feeling detached/ numb, may occur weeks, months, years after event. Antidepressants and anxiety reducing medications, CBT PTSD Schizophrenia is a thought disorder… Schizophrenia: A Thought Disorder What is it? Not a split personality, but a split with reality People often think illogically & have false perception of reality Most hear voices and have visual hallucinations Risk Factors May be the result of physical illness and genetics Viruses, brain chemistry & birth trauma may play a role Symptoms Most hear voices and have visual hallucinations Paranoia is a common symptom, believe outside sources are trying to control them Treatment No known cure, but highly treatable with medication (anti-psychotics) Non-treatment (about 40%of the cases) can often lead to suicide, homelessness, jail, victimization by others Dementia: A Cognitive Disorder Dementia: A Cognitive Disorder What is it? Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment Decline of reasoning, memory and other mental abilities. Aging: 1% of people age 60-64, 30-50% of people over 85 May also be caused by some diseases and infections, head injuries, drugs, stress and nutritional deficiencies Difficulty finding words to use, forgetting names, appointments, Performing familiar tasks, confusion, mood swings Best to try to prevent rather than treat, includes good nutrition, stress reduction techniques, brain puzzles, reading, problem solving experiences