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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depressive illness, schizophrenia, catatonia and mania
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depressive illness, schizophrenia, catatonia and mania

... The economic model for depression was based on a severely depressed population requiring hospitalisation. As clinical opinion differs to whether ECT should be used only as a last resort treatment or whether it could be used earlier in the treatment hierarchy the model was constructed to allow the ev ...
Harmonisation of ICD–11 and DSM–V
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... tic disorder, has identical DSM–IV and ICD–10 definitions. Appendix 1 lists those disorders (39 criteria sets, 22% of the 175 non-identical sets) whose definitional differences were judged to be conceptually based; with the conceptual basis noted in the right hand column. Appendix 2 lists the remain ...
Kluwer Academic Publishers
Kluwer Academic Publishers

... provide a comprehensive overview of their topics rather than focusing on their own research or theoretical biases. Furthermore, emphasis has been placed on clinical description, research, and theoretical implications, rather than remedial or therapeutic procedures, although these topics are discusse ...
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

... fluency and productivity of speech. This must be differentiated from an unwillingness to speak, a clinical judgment that may require observation over time and in a variety of situations. Avolition is characterized by an inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed activities. The person may si ...
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders

... and the special committee on classification, assembled comments of numerous psychiatrists in its member associations and gave most valuable advice during both the field trials and the finalization of the proposals. Other nongovernmental organizations in official and working relations with WHO, inclu ...
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders

... Many individuals and organizations have contributed to the production of the classification of mental and behavioural disorders in ICD-10 and to the development of the texts that accompany it. The field trials of the ICD-10 proposals, for example, involved researchers and clinicians in some 40 count ...
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Catatonia: a critical review and therapeutic recommendations
Catatonia: a critical review and therapeutic recommendations

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DSM-5 - Sacramento State

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Catatonia: a critical review and therapeutic
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The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
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$doc.title

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... substantial burdens and costs for the individuals and their family, but also for society as a whole (van Os & Kapur, 2009). Their lifetime prevalence is estimated at around 3% in the population (Perälä et al., 2007) and their onset often occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, during or just ...
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View PDF of Strengthening Families Together Handouts

... and spinal chord. The CNS is responsible for coordinating the activities of all parts of the brain and spinal chord. chronic schizophrenia The long period of time, following a period of acute schizophrenia, during which the symptoms are much less serious. cognitive impairment Cognitive abilities inc ...
Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5
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... In DSM-IV, there was an exclusion criterion for a major depressive episode that was applied to depressive symptoms lasting less than 2 months following the death of a loved one (i.e., the bereavement exclusion). This exclusion is omitted in DSM-5 for several reasons. The first is to remove the impli ...
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2014 ICD-9-CM Mental, Behavioral and

... Presenile dementia, paranoid type 290.13 Presenile dementia with depressive features Presenile dementia, depressed type 290.2 Senile dementia with delusional or depressive features Excludes: senile dementia: NOS (290.0) with delirium and/or confusion (290.3) 290.20 Senile dementia with delusional fe ...
1 2 3 4 5 ... 41 >

Schizophrenia



Schizophrenia (/ˌskɪtsɵˈfrɛniə/ or /ˌskɪtsɵˈfriːniə/) is a mental disorder often characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to recognize what is real. Common symptoms include false beliefs, unclear or confused thinking, auditory hallucinations, reduced social engagement and emotional expression, and lack of motivation. Diagnosis is based on observed behavior and the person's reported experiences.Genetics and early environment, as well as psychological and social processes, appear to be important contributory factors. Some recreational and prescription drugs appear to cause or worsen symptoms. The many possible combinations of symptoms have triggered debate about whether the diagnosis represents a single disorder or a number of separate syndromes. Despite the origin of the term, from Greek skhizein, meaning ""to split"", and phrēn, meaning ""mind"", schizophrenia does not imply a ""split personality"" or ""multiple personality disorder"" — a condition with which it is often confused in public perception. Rather, the term means a ""splitting of mental functions"", reflecting the presentation of the illness.The mainstay of treatment is antipsychotic medication, which primarily suppresses dopamine receptor activity. Counseling, job training and social rehabilitation are also important in treatment. In more serious cases—where there is risk to self or others—involuntary hospitalization may be necessary, although hospital stays are now shorter and less frequent than they once were.Symptoms begin typically in young adulthood, and about 0.3–0.7% of people are affected during their lifetime. In 2013 there was estimated to be 23.6 million cases globally. The disorder is thought to mainly affect the ability to think, but it also usually contributes to chronic problems with behavior and emotion. People with schizophrenia are likely to have additional conditions, including major depression and anxiety disorders; the lifetime occurrence of substance use disorder is almost 50%. Social problems, such as long-term unemployment, poverty, and homelessness are common. The average life expectancy of people with the disorder is ten to twenty five years less than the average life expectancy. This is the result of increased physical health problems and a higher suicide rate (about 5%). In 2013 an estimated 16,000 people died from behavior related-to or caused by schizophrenia.
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