Download Nonspecific vs. Specific

The Immune System
Objective 7
Immune System
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Function: fight infection using cells to
destroy invading substances
Two types:
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Nonspecific
Specific
Nonspecific
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Nonspecific = doesn’t matter which
disease you have
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First line of defense
Second line of defense
Interferon
First Line of Defense
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Prevent the enemy from breaching the
perimeter
Skin, mucus, cilia are tools your body
uses to deny the enemy access to your
body
Second Line of Defense
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Should the enemy breach the perimeter
a second line of defense is necessary
Inflammatory response
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White blood cells move into the damaged
area surround and destroy the invaders
Fever
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Chemicals released by the immune system
that trigger a rise in body temperature
Cooks invaders
Raises heart rate
Inflammatory Response
Skin
Wound
Phagocytes move into the
area and engulf the bacteria
and cell debris
Bacteria enter
the wound
Capillary
Animations
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cmb
WE3jLUgM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uNG
-jZxvhcg
Interferon
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Interferon: proteins that “interfere”
with viral reproduction
Nonspecific because they are released
for all viruses, not specific ones
Specific
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Specific = strategies the body uses to
defeat a particular disease
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Humoral activity
Cell-mediated activity
Humoral Immunity
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B cells recognize invaders by their
foreign molecules (antigens)
B cells divide rapidly into two new cells
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Plasma cells
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Memory B cells
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Make antibodies
Remember the invader for next time
Antibodies attach to the invaders until
they are eaten by macrophages
Humoral Activity
Cell-Mediated Immunity
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Cell-mediated immunity kicks in when
cells are cancerous or infected
Macrophages tell the T cells which cells
are infected
Killer T cells hunt down and kill the
infected cells
Cell Mediated Activity
Macrophage
Helper T cell activates
killer T cells and B cells
T cell binds to
activated
macrophage
Helper
T Cell
Killer
T Cell
T Cell
Antigens are displayed on
surface of macrophage
T cell, activated by macrophage,
becomes a helper T cell
Infected Cell
Killer T cells bind to infected cells,
disrupting their cell membranes and
destroying them
Animations
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tB
OmG0QMbA