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Capital Market Capital markets are financial markets for the buying and selling of long-term debt- or equity-backed securities. Capital markets channel the wealth of savers to those who can put it to long-term productive use, such as companies or governments making long-term investments. Money Markets and Capital Markets The money markets are used for the raising of short term finance, sometimes for loans that are expected to be paid back as early as overnight. Funds borrowed from the money markets are typically used for general operating expenses, to cover brief periods of illiquidity. The Capital markets are used for the raising of long term finance, such as the purchase of shares, or for loans that are not expected to be fully paid back for at least a year. When a company borrows from the primary capital markets, often the purpose is to invest in additional physical capital goods, which will be used to help increase its income. Money markets and capital markets form the financial markets. A key division within the capital markets is between the primary markets and secondary markets. In primary markets, new stock or bond issues are sold to investors. The secondary market, also called aftermarket, is the financial (capital) market in which previously issued financial instruments such as stock, bonds, options, and futures are bought and sold. The stock markets (for equity securities, also known as shares, where investors acquire ownership of companies) and the bond markets (where investors become creditors) A stock market or equity market is a public entity (a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity) for the trading of company stock (shares) and derivatives at an agreed price. These are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. The stocks are listed and traded on stock exchanges which are entities of a corporation or mutual organization specialized in the business of bringing buyers and sellers of the organizations to a listing of stocks and securities together. A stock exchange is a form of exchange which provides services for stock brokers and traders to trade stocks, bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges also provide facilities for issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments, and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. Securities traded on a stock exchange include shares issued by companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. Major stock exchanges: NYSE Euronext NASDAQ OMX Group Tokyo Stock Exchange London Stock Exchange Hong Kong Stock Exchange Shanghai Stock Exchange TMX Group (Toronto) Deutsche Börse (Frankfurt) Australian Securities Exchange (Sydney) Bombay Stock Exchange Warsaw Stock Exchange the largest national stock exchange in the CEE one of the fastest-growing exchanges in Europe WSE markets: - Main Market (trade in equities, equity-related and other cash instruments, derivatives), - NewConnect (trade in equities and equity-related instruments of small and medium-sized enterprises), - Catalyst (trade in corporate, municipal, co-operative, Treasury and mortgage bonds operated by the WSE and BondSpot), - Treasury BondSpot Poland (wholesale trade in Treasury bonds operated by BondSpot), - poee WSE Energy Market (Daily-Hourly Electricity Market, Electricity Futures Market). The bond market (also known as the credit, or fixed income market) is a financial market where participants can issue new debt, known as the primary market, or buy and sell debt securities, known as the secondary market, usually in the form of bonds.