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Study Questions
Chapter 7: Nutritional Assessment
1.
The correct number of calories in each gram of nutrients is:
(a) carbohydrates: 4; proteins: 4; fats: 4.
(b) carbohydrates: 4; proteins: 9; fats: 9.
(c) carbohydrates: 9; proteins: 9; fats: 4.
(d) carbohydrates: 4; proteins: 4; fats; 9.
Answer: d
Rationale: Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates and proteins.
2.
The major source of energy for the various functions of the body is:
(a) protein.
(b) carbohydrates.
(c) fat.
(d) vitamins.
Answer: b
Rationale: Protein and fat can also be used for energy if adequate carbohydrates are not available.
Some vitamins are necessary for metabolism but are not themselves used for energy.
3.
Vegetarians should know that legumes are a good source of protein when eaten with:
(a) corn.
(b) fruit.
(c) a multivitamin.
(d) vegetables.
Answer: a
Rationale: Legumes and grains each have some of the essential amino acids, and when eaten
together they provide complete protein.
4.
Cholesterol is consumed in:
(a) coconut oil.
(b) butter.
(c) olive oil.
(d) margarine.
Answer: b
Rationale: Cholesterol is found only in animal products.
5.
The following are all fat-soluble vitamins:
(a) thiamine, riboflavin, folate, and K.
(b) A, cobalamin, C, and D.
(c) C, pantothenic acid, thiamine, and biotin.
(d) A, D, E, and K.
Answer: d
Rationale: C, thiamine, riboflavin, folate, pantothenic acid, cobalamin, and biotin are watersoluble.
6.
You have a female adolescent patient who confides that she thinks she is fat. She is 65"
tall and weighs 89 lbs. You would ask her all of the following except:
(a) about the type and amount of food she eats daily.
(b) who told her she was fat.
(c) if she ever voluntarily vomits after eating.
(d) if she has regular menstrual periods.
Answer: b
Rationale: She is far below the normal range of weight for her height, and considering this with
her self-image, she may well have an eating disorder.
7.
As a home health nurse, you visit an 86-year-old woman who lives alone. She is alert,
oriented, and has no history of any health problems. Her neighbors asked you to talk to
her because they are concerned about her eating habits. She cheerfully admits to eating a
lot of junk food despite knowing that it is bad for her, but adds that she wants to enjoy a
few "guilty pleasures" while she can. Appropriate interventions would include:
(a) telling her family about her eating habits.
(b) telling her that she needs to go to a nursing home.
(c) suggesting some diet modifications so that she may continue to enjoy life.
(d) telling her neighbors to not worry about her.
Answer: c
Rationale: If competent, she must be allowed to make her own decisions, even if they are not the
ideal ones. Telling her family would be a breach of confidentiality. Her neighbors may be in a
good position to keep an eye on her as she ages, and they and the family should stay in touch.
8.
Body mass index is calculated using the formula:
(a) height in meters squared/weight in kg
(b) weight in lbs/height in inches
(c) weight in kg squared/height in meters
(d) weight in kg/height in meters squared
Answer: d
Rationale: This is the formula for body mass index.
9.
Serum iron levels (for women) greater than 65-165 micrograms/dl are seen in the
following condition:
(a) third-trimester pregnancy.
(b) severe physiological stress.
(c) hemolytic anemias.
(d) chronic diseases.
Answer: c
Rationale: Conditions (a), (b), and (d) may show decreases in iron levels.
10.
A negative nitrogen balance is indicative of:
(a) normal growth and development.
(b) pregnancy.
(c) steroid use.
(d) burns.
Answer: d
Rationale: A negative nitrogen balance occurs when there is destruction or wasting of tissue.
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