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Transcript
Oceans Unit Standards 5.E.3B.2 Develop and use models to explain the effect of the movement of ocean water (including waves, currents, and tides) on the ocean shore zone (including beaches, barrier islands, estuaries, and inlets). 5.E.3B.3 Construct scientific arguments to support claims that human activities (such as conservation efforts or pollution) affect the land and oceans of Earth. 5.E.3B.4 Define problems caused by natural processes or human activities and test possible solutions to reduce the impact on landforms and the ocean shore zone. Oceans • Ocean waves continually roll in to shore and then back out to sea. • The power of the pounding waves changes the shape of the coast. Oceans • Beach erosion is the process by which waves pick up sand particles and move them along the shore. • Through this process waves smooth out the shoreline or carve out bays and cliffs. Oceans • Many types of rock break down slowly in seawater. • The water contains carbon dioxide from the air, and this makes the water slightly acidic. • The carbon dioxide helps dissolve the salt in the rock. • The particles that do not dissolve are carried away by the waves. Oceans • Marine terrace- a flat step of rock formed in an exposed windy area where the waves pound hard against the shore. • Over time the waves cut out, or erode, a steep cliff. • Marine terraces are common along the Pacific Coast. Oceans • Beach driftthe pulling of sand particles sideways along a beach Oceans • Breakers- waves that break into foam against the shore, wash back into the ocean at another angle. • This creates a zigzag movement of sand down the beach. • Beach drift can move sand and pebbles hundreds of meters every day. Oceans • The movement of sediment along the shore depends on the currents, the size of the sand grains, and the pattern of breaking waves. • The amount of sediment that can be moved can be large.