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Transcript
GLYCOLYSIS: The anaerobic breakdown of glucose This chart outlines the steps in the biochemical pathway called glycolysis. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells GLUCOSE ATP PHOSPHORYLATION ATP is consumed and the phosphate is used to energize the substrate P GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE REARRANGEMENT The shape of the molecule is changed, making it more symmetrical FRUCTOSE 6 PHOSPHATE PHOSPHORYLATION ATP is consumed and the phosphate is used to energize the substrate ATP P FRUCTOSE 1, 6 DIPHOSPHATE CLEAVAGE The substrate is split into 2 halves, one is then rearranged resulting in 2 identical molecules 2 x GLYCERALDEHYDE 3 PHOSPHATE (“PGAL”) 2 P (inorganic) 4H 2 NADH2 DEHYDROGENATION AND PHOSPHORYLATION Hydrogen is removed from the substrate and replaced by inorganic phosphate 2 x DIPHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2P 2 ATP DEPHOSPHORYLATION Phosphate is removed from the substrate and used to convert ADP into ATP 2 x PHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2 x PHOSPHOENOL PYRUVATE 2P 2 ATP DEPHOSPHORYLATION Phosphate is removed from the substrate and used to convert ADP into ATP 2 x PYRUVATE The 2 molecules of pyruvate formed by glycolysis may be converted into lactic acid, acetic acid, alcohol or acetyl CoA depending upon the availability of oxygen and the type of cell involved
