Download HGD HW Ch 4 2013

HGD HW Ch 4 2013
Completion
Complete each statement using the word bank and submit on canvas.
1. Piaget hypothesized that children use two complementary processes to allow their experiences and
schemes to work with each other. They are ________ and ________.
2. The fourth proposed stage of cognitive development in Piaget’s model is the ________ period.
3. According to Piaget, a preoperational child’s view of the world is ________; that is, they believe that
others see the world exactly as they do.
4. When Layla’s older sister helps her eat breakfast by cutting her pancake into two smaller halves,
Layla gets secretly excited that she now has more pancakes. This demonstrates the preoperational
cognitive limitation of ________.
5. One theory that differs from that of Piaget is the ________ knowledge hypothesis, which suggests
that children are born with certain knowledge structures already in place that are ready to be
modified by experience.
6. Children understand that only living things have offspring that resemble the parents, a concept of
naïve biology called ________.
7. Mental ________ refers to mental programs that are the basis for performing particular tasks.
8. When an infant starts licking their lips and salivating when their mother starts to adjust her clothing
to nurse, it demonstrates __________ conditioning.
9. The two areas of the brain that are responsible for the initial storage of information are the ________
and the ________.
10. A child who counts numbers in a mixed up sequence, such as “4, 2, 1, 5, 8, 6,” is demonstrating a
failure to understand the ________ principle.
11. When Maurice’s father is teaching him to play racquetball, he observes that there are some strokes
that Maurice can do very well, and there are others that he needs help with. The difference between
these two skill sets is called the zone of _________ development.
12. Jaxon’s father is teaching him to take a shower by himself, without help. First he turns on the water
for Jaxon, helps him get in the tub, and instructs him on how to wash his hair and his body. The next
evening, he turns on the water and helps Jaxon into the tub, but lets Jaxon wash himself. The next
night, he lets Jaxon turn the water on and adjust the temperature himself. Finally, on the last night he
asks Jaxon to go take a shower without helping him at all. This withdrawal of help that is no longer
needed demonstrates ________.
13. ________ speech involves comments that are not intended for others but are designed to help
children regulate their own behavior.
14. In ________-directed speech, adults tend to speak very slowly and to exaggerate their changes in
pitch and loudness.
15. A(n) _____ is an early infant vowel-like sound.
16. When little Ella points to a sheep at the zoo and says “Doggie,” her parents smile and adore how
cute she is. They don’t realize that she has lumped the sheep into her own mental category of all
four-legged animals because the family has a dog at home. This mistake demonstrates ________.
17. Children with a(n) ________ linguistic style use language as a social tool to enhance their
interactions with others.
18. When a child applies rules to words that are exceptions, the error is referred to as a(n) _____.
19. The ________ hemisphere of the brain plays a critical role in understanding language.
20. In order to help children learn the social nature of language, many parents encourage ________ long
before an infant has said his or her first word.
Word Bank
accommodation;
assimilation
amygdala; hippocampus
centration
classical
coo
core
egocentrism
expressive
formal operational
infant
inheritance
left
overextension
overregularization
Private
proximal
scaffolding
software
stable-order
turn-taking