Download Cell organelles

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the basic unit of structure and function of life.
living units
able to make more of themselves(replicate).
different depending on their function
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Cells that do not have membrane bound
structures.
bacteria
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Cells that have membrane bound structures
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Most cells are microscopic
Red blood cells are the smallest cells in your
body. 2,000 RBC’s are needed to go across
your thumb.
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Images of human cells.
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Proteins are large, complex molecules that
play many critical roles in the body.
They do most of the work in cells and are
required for the structure, function, and
regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
Proteins are made up of hundreds or
thousands of smaller units called amino acids
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The sequence of amino acids determines
each protein’s unique 3-dimensional structure
and its specific function.
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Encloses the cell. It acts like a gatekeeperallowing some materials to pass through it,
but not others.
1st line of defense
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Mostly water with other substances dissolved
in it.
Similar to gelatin (jello)
Organelles are in the cytoplasm
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Home to the cell’s chromosomes
Chromosomes direct the cell activity and
make new cells.
Chromosomes are made of DNA
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Found inside the nucleus
Responsible for making ribosomes
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Ribosomes are the protein builders or the
protein synthesizers of the cell.
They are like construction guys who connect one
amino acid at a time and build long chains.
You might find them floating in the cytoplasm
They are also on the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes
is called rough.
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Fluid filled
Store substances and waste
Animal cells have many small ones
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Use oxygen to transform the energy in food
to a form the cell can use to carry out it’s
activities.
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Produce important products for the cell,
including proteins and lipids(fats).
Serves as the delivery system for the cell
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Help package products(proteins) from the ER
and distribute them around the cell or outside
of it.
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Have structures similar to animal cells. Also
have two structures not seen in animal cells,
cell wall and chloroplasts.
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Outer barrier provides extra support for the
cell and gives it a shape.
Cell wall is made of cellulose, a fiber that is
the main component of paper and wood.
Food making structures of plant cells.
 Contain chlorophyll
Photosynthesis
 Sunlight + carbon dioxide + water forms
Glucose and oxygen
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Every cell is a busy place
 Many chemical activities occur such as….
1. Releasing energy from food
2. Making proteins and other chemicals the
cell needs.
3. Getting rid of wastes
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Function
Description
Example
Antibody
Antibodies bind to specific foreign Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
particles, such as viruses and
(illustration)
bacteria, to help protect the body.
Enzyme
Enzymes carry out almost all of the Phenylalanine hydroxylase
thousands of chemical reactions that (illustration)
take place in cells. They also assist
with the formation of new
molecules by reading the genetic
information stored in DNA.
Messenger
Messenger proteins, such as some Growth hormone (illustration)
types of hormones, transmit signals
to coordinate biological processes
between different cells, tissues, and
organs.
Structural component
These proteins provide structure
and support for cells. On a larger
scale, they also allow the body to
move.
Transport/storage
These proteins bind and carry atoms Ferritin (illustration)
and small molecules within cells
and throughout the body.
Actin (illustration)