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Name:________________________ Test Date: Tues., 11/17 or Wed., 11/18 Study Guide Cell Processes and SM Assessment Cellular Transport: Cell Membrane: The cell membrane is made of a ____________ bilayer. This bilayer is __________permeable which allows the movement of some substances, into or out of the cell. Many particles, such as water and oxygen, are tiny enough that they can ______ directly through the cell’s membrane. Particles that are too big to squeeze through the cell’s membrane must enter through _________ doorways. Passive transport The movement of particles, through a protein doorway, from an area of ______ concentration to ____ concentration. ____ energy required. diffusion - The movement of molecules from a region of ____ concentration to a region of _____ concentration. An example of diffusion is when a drop of blue dye is put in water and it spreads out turning all of the water blue. osmosis –The diffusion of _______ through a membrane. equilibrium- occurs when all the particles are _______ spread out Scientific Method Experiments: In order to make sure you are getting accurate results from an experiment you should: 1. conduct ________________ trials (repeated / one) 2. use only _____________ control group(s) (one / two) 3. have as ___________________ individuals as possible in both the control group and the (few / many) experimental group and test only ONE _________________________ variable at a time. (independent / dependent) Vocabulary: Hypothesis: an “educated guess” of what a scientist thinks will happen. It has to be ________! Sometimes stated as an If…….. then statement. Control Group: The group that is not being ________ or gets no treatment. It is important to use control groups because they allow comparison between subjects receiving and treatment and those receive no treatment. Experimental group: The group that is being __________. Independent Variable: part of the experiment that is __________ by the person doing the experiment. I CHANGED Dependent Variable: The part of the experiment that is ____________ by the independent variable Controlled Experiment: In a controlled experiment, a ___________ ___________ is compared with one or more experimental groups. Constants: The factors that stay the ________, in all groups, throughout an experiment. Disclaimer: You will need to be able to pick out the IV, DV, Control Group, and Constants from and experiment. Please review classroom handouts for examples.