Download Biology Cell Structure Induction Booklet

Cell
ultrastructure
Name……………………………………………………………………………
Living organisms consist of cells
1.
Living organisms consist of cells. Cells are complex and busy places. You will know many of the
structures from your work at KS3 and KS4, but we need to go much further at A Level. Carry out
research and complete the following table giving details of the cell ultrastructure.
AO1 [24]
Membrane bound organelles
Describe the structure
Summarise the function
Plasma (cell surface) membrane
Size:
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Nucleus
Size:
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Nucleolus
Rough:
Smooth:
Size:
2
Golgi apparatus
Size:
Mitochondria (singular mitochondrion)
Size:
Chloroplasts
Size:
Lysosomes
Size:
3
Non-membrane bound organelles
Describe the structure
Summarise the function
Ribosomes
Size:
Centrioles
Size:
4
Organelles – structure and function
2. Using your new found knowledge label the organelles typically found within (a) animal cells and (b)
plant cells on the diagrams below.
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Cells and living processes
3. State two functions of the cytoskeleton inside animal cells.
AO1 [2]
4. Suggest why nerve cells have an unusually well developed cytoskeleton.
AO2 [1]
5. Suggest why most plant cells have a poorly developed cytoskeleton.
AO2 [1]
6. Suggest why chloroplasts are moved around plant cells.
AO2 [1]
7. Suggest why white blood cells need to be able to move.
AO2 [1]
8. Cells can be Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic. Find out about the differences between these cell types
and summarise in the table below.
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Eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cell
Cell wall present/type
Nuclear envelope
Golgi apparatus
Undulipodium/flagellum
Ribosomes (size and location)
DNA / type of DNA
Carries out respiration
Chloroplasts
Size of cell
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9. The Figure below is a diagram of a bacterium as seen under an electron microscope.
(i) Name the structures labelled A and B.
A ...........................................................
B ...........................................................
AO1 [2]
(ii) It has been suggested that the mesosome has the same role as mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
Suggest the role of the mesosome in prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria.
...................................................................................................................................................................
AO2 [1]
(iii) Eukaryotic cells, such as Euglena, contain membrane-bound organelles. Each organelle
has a specific function in the cell. State the process that is carried out in each of the organelles.
Ribosome .................................................................................................................... .......
Chloroplast ....................................................................................................................
AO1 [2]
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