Download Cell: basic unit of structure and function of life. Prokaryotic: cells that

Cell: basic unit of structure and function of life.
Prokaryotic: cells that do not have membrane bound structures.
Eukaryotic: cells that have membrane bound structures
Unicellular: made of only one cell
Multicellular: made of many cells
Cell membrane: encloses the cell and acts like a gatekeeper-allowing some materials to pass through it,
but not others.
Cytoplasm: a gel like fluid, it takes up most of the space inside the cell. It holds the organelles
Organelles: carry out the activities that keep the cell alive.
Nucleus: a structure usually located near the center of an animal cell. It controls cell activity.
Nuclear membrane: It surrounds and protects the nucleus.
Nucleolus: located in the nucleus and responsible for making ribosomes.
Vacuoles: fluid filled structures temporarily store different substances needed by the cell.
Mitochondria: use oxygen to transfer energy in food to a form that the cell can use to carry out its
activities.
Endoplasmic reticulum: produce important products for the cell, including proteins and lipids.
Golgi bodies: Help package products from the endoplasmic reticulum and distribute them around the
cell.
Cell wall: This outer barrier provides extra support for the cell and gives it a shape.
Chloroplasts: food making structures of plant cells that contain the green pigment, Chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis: food making process in plants.
Tissue: groups of cells that work together to do a specific job.
Organ: a structure made up of two or more tissues that work together to carry out a specific job.
Organ system: made up of all the organs that work together to do a specific job.
Digestive system: organ system that breaks down food into a form the body can use.
Diaphragm: large domed muscle that separates chest and abdomen and plays a large role in breathing.
Digestion: process of breaking down food into a form the body can use.
Epiglottis: This flap of tissue prevents swallowed food from entering the tube to your lungs.
Esophagus: tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach.
Heart: part of the circulatory system that pumps blood throughout the body.
Large intestine: part of the digestive system where water is absorbed from solid waste.
Lungs: pair of organs in respiratory system where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged.
Trachea: part of the respiratory system, the windpipe.
Alveoli: tiny air sacs in the lungs where gases are exchanged.
Bronchi: two large tubes that branch off the trachea into the lungs.
Plasma: the liquid part of blood that supports the other parts.
Platelets: cell pieces that help blood to clot where there is an injury.
Mouth: opening that animals use to take in food.
Anus: the opening at the end of the digestive system, where wastes are released.
Artery: a vessel in the circulatory sytem that carries blood away from the heart.
Rectum: final section of the large intestine, ending in the anus.
Respiratory system: organ system that takes oxygen into the body and releases carbon dioxide and
water.
Small intestine: organ in the digestive system that completes digestion and absorbs nutrients.
Stomach: part of the digestive system where food is stored and partially digested before it enters the
small intestine.
Vein: in the circulatory sytem, vessel that carries blood towards the heart.
Capillaries: tiny vessels in the human body.
Red blood cells: specialized blood cells that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.
White blood cells: help you fight disease
Nervous system: controls and coordinates your body’s activites and helps you sense and respond to
changes in your environment.
Central nervous system: made up of your brain and spinal cord.
Cerebrum: control center of your thoughts and voluntary actions.
Brain stem: base of your brain it controls vital and continual processes such as breathing, the beating of
your heart, and digestion.
Cerebellum: helps with balance and coordination.
Spinal cord: bundle of nerves that goes from the brain stem down the center of your back.