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Parent signature __________________ Name__________________________ SCIENCE Study Guide Chapter 3: “Body Systems” Put these body structures in order from smallest to largest: tissue cell system organ cell tissue organ system DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Know that we must digest food in order to break it down so it can be absorbed by the body List the organs of the digestive system in the order that food/nutrients travel through it: mouth Esophogus stomach small intestine large intestine Function: provides animals/people with the nutrients needed by cells to produce energy This happens when food is digested and broken down to be absorbed into the bloodstream through hairlike fibers called villi in the small intestine. Know which two organs assist the small intestine in breaking down food. 1. Liver 2. Pancreas The pancreas produces digestive juices to help with the digestive process. What glands that are found in the mouth start the process of digestion by moistening food? Salivary glands Parent signature __________________ Name__________________________ RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Major organs: Lungs Function: breathing (which sends Oxygen into the bloodstream and removes the waste products water and carbon dioxide ) Diffusion is the process in which particles move from an area of high concentration (many) to an area of lower concentration (few). This process happens as the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the walls of air sacs called Alveoli. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Major Organ: Heart Vessels: Veins, arteries, &capillaries Function: It transports oxygen, nutrients, and wastes in the blood (fluid). Identify the specific jobs of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. -Red- carry oxygen and gas -White- fight of germs and break down dead cells -Platelets- Cause blood to clot, and prevent blood from leaking through walls of capillaries Oxygen-poor blood enters into the (left/right) side of the heart and leaves the (right/left) side of the heart as it is pumped into the lungs. Therefore, oxygen rich blood reaches the left side of the heart from the lungs after you inhale oxygen from the air. The lungs fill the blood with oxygen-rich blood before it travels back to the heart (Specifically: the left side of heart…which then pumps oxygen rich blood to the rest of the body) EXCRETORY SYSTEM Main Organs: two kidneys & the bladder Function: The kidneys remove waste from the blood and convert it to urine. The bladder stores urine until it is expelled from the body. Where are nephrons found?kidneys