Download Name Period Nuclear Study Packet Set 1 1. What subatomic

Name
Period
Nuclear Study Packet
Set 1
1. What subatomic particles are involved in nuclear reactions?
2. What subatomic particles are involved in chemical reactions?
3. If an atom undergoes a reaction and attains a more stable form, how
do you know if the reaction was chemical or nuclear?
4. Draw a lithium-6 atom. This includes drawing the protons, neutrons,
and electrons.
5. Draw a lithium-7 atom. This includes drawing the protons, neutrons
and the electrons.
6. What is the atomic number of an alpha particle?
7. What is the mass number of a beta particle?
8. What is mass number and atomic number of a gamma ray?
9. What is the charge of an alpha particle?
10. What is the charge of a beta particle?
11. Which particle is the most penetrating?
12. Which particle has the most energy?
13. Why do you think alpha particles are the slowest and least
penetrating?
14. How can you predict if an isotope is going to be stable?
15. What is the strong nuclear force? On what particles does it act?
16. Do you think K-42 is stable?
17. Would you predict H-3 to be stable?
Set 2
1. Complete the following table
Summary of Radioactive Decay Processes
Type of
Particle emitted
Radioactive
Change in mass
Change in atomic
number
number
decay
Alpha decay
Decrease by 4
Beta decay
0
−1 β
Gamma emission
No Change
For 2-11 balance the following reactions
2. 212
4
84 Po→ 2 He +
____
142
142
3. 61 Pm + ____ → 60 Nd
218
4
4. 84 Po→ 2 He +
____
5. 239
94 Pu
→ ___+ 24He
6. 222
4
86 Rn → ___+ 2 He
15
15
7. 8 O→ 7 N
22
8. 11 Na +
238
9. 92U
3
10. 1 H
+ _____
22
____→10
Ne
→ ___ + 234
90Th
→ ___ + −01e
1
1
11. 1 H +1H
→ ___ + +01e
+ ____
Set 3
1. What is the half-life of a 100.0 g sample of nitrogen-16 that decays
to 12.5 g of nitrogen-16 in 21.6 s?
2. All isotopes of technetium are radioactive, but they have widely
varying half-lives. If an 800.0 g sample of technetium-99 decays to
50.0 g of technetium-99 in 639 000 y, what is its half-life?
3. A 208 g sample of sodium-24 decays to 13.0 g of sodium-24 within
60.0 h. What is the half-life of this radioactive isotope?
4. If the half-life of iodine-131 is 8.10 days, how long will it take a 50.00
g sample to decay to 6.25 g?
5. The half-life of hafnium-156 is 0.025 s. How long will it take a 560 g
sample to decay to one-fourth its original mass?
6. Chromium-48 has a short half-life of 21.6 h. How long will it take
360.00 g of chromium-48 to decay to 11.25 g
7. Potassium-42 has a half-life of 12.4 hours. How much of an 848 g
sample of potassium-42 will be left after 62.0 hours?
8. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 y. How much of a 144 g sample of
carbon-14 will remain after 1.719 x 104 y?
9. If the half-life of uranium-235 is 7.04 x 108 y and 12.5 g of uranium235 remain after 2.82 x 109 y, how much of the radioactive isotope
was in the original sample?
10. 1. How long will it take 600 grams of Plutonium-239 (half life 24,400
years) to decay to 18.75 grams?
11. How many grams of iodine-131 (half life 8.07 days) would be left
after 48.42 days if you start with 25 grams?
Set 4
1. What is a chain reaction? What is an example of a chain
reaction?
2. What is fission?
3. What is fusion?
4. What kind of a reaction is the following?
411H →2−10β + 24He + energy
5. In the fission section it says that two major nuclear accidents
have occurred in nuclear power plants. You need to research
these two reactions.
Where did they occur?
When did they occur?
What happened?
What was the effect?
Did anyone die?
If so, how many people?
Set 5: Test Review
Objectives to be tested include, but are not exclusive to:
ü Define radioactive decay, radiation, transmutation, half-life
ü Determine # of protons, neutrons, electrons in a given atom Describe the two
competing forces in the nucleus
ü Describe the factors that make a nucleus unstable and predict the stability of
the nucleus given info re # of subatomic particles
ü Distinguish between the three types of radiation in terms of particles, effect on
nucleus, mass, speed, and penetrating power
ü Write balanced nuclear equations
ü Solve half-life problems
ü Distinguish between fusion and fission
1. Why can atoms have different mass numbers but still have the same
identity?
3
2. The half life of titrium( 1 H ) is 12.3 years. If 48.0 mg of titrium is
released from a nuclear power plant during the coursed of a mishap,
what mass of the nuclide will remain after 49.2 years?
3. Potassium-42 has a half life of 12 hours. At present, a given ore
sample contains 34.2 mg of K-42. How much did it contain yesterday
at the same time.
4. What percent of a sample of a radioactive element whose half life is 5
years will decay after 25 years?
5. What are some ways that nuclear reactions are being used today? Do
not list any ways that we have talked about in class. You can look in
your book on pages 827-831 or use other sources.
6. Polonium-214 emits two alpha particles and two beta particles. What
is the resulting element? Include the mass number and atomic number
of the new element.
7. Aluminum-26 decays into Magnesium-26. What kind of decay did it
undergo?
8. Write a balanced reaction for the decay of B-12 to Li-8.
9. What kind of decay involves no increase or decrease in atomic or mass
number?
10. Explain how beta decay can have an increase in the atomic number but
not the mass number.
11. Which decay is the most penetrating?
12. Which decay is the most dangerous? You will have to look this up.