
Investigating the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of 3
... Hackenmueller, Sarah Ann, "Investigating the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of 3-Iodothyronamine" (2012). Scholar Archive. ...
... Hackenmueller, Sarah Ann, "Investigating the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of 3-Iodothyronamine" (2012). Scholar Archive. ...
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
chapter 4 - Thyroid Disease Manager
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
Physiology of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Thyroidal System The
... sialic acid occurs. (13) The α subunit has two and TSH β one asparagine (N)-linked oligosaccharides showing typical biantennary structure fully sulfated in bovine and half-sulfated in human TSH. (2) The primary intracellular role of these glycosylation events may be to allow proper folding of the α ...
... sialic acid occurs. (13) The α subunit has two and TSH β one asparagine (N)-linked oligosaccharides showing typical biantennary structure fully sulfated in bovine and half-sulfated in human TSH. (2) The primary intracellular role of these glycosylation events may be to allow proper folding of the α ...
physiology-of-the-hy.. - Thyroid Disease Manager
... Effects of thyroid hormone on TSH synthesis and release In animal models, thyroid hormone administration is followed by a marked decrease of both α and TSH β subunit mRNA, (38) but TSH β is suppressed more rapidly and more completely than α subunit. In humans with primary hypothyroidism a paradoxica ...
... Effects of thyroid hormone on TSH synthesis and release In animal models, thyroid hormone administration is followed by a marked decrease of both α and TSH β subunit mRNA, (38) but TSH β is suppressed more rapidly and more completely than α subunit. In humans with primary hypothyroidism a paradoxica ...
Levothyroxine Basics
... • Weight reduction: [U.S. Boxed Warning]: Thyroid supplements are ineffective and potentially toxic when used for the treatment of obesity or for weight reduction, especially in euthyroid patients. High doses may produce serious or even life-threatening toxic effects particularly when used with som ...
... • Weight reduction: [U.S. Boxed Warning]: Thyroid supplements are ineffective and potentially toxic when used for the treatment of obesity or for weight reduction, especially in euthyroid patients. High doses may produce serious or even life-threatening toxic effects particularly when used with som ...
Associations of thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations with the
... immune thyroid disease. In the NHANES III population, healthy subjects with no history of thyroid disease who had serum TSH concentrations in the high-normal range had higher rates of anti-TPO Ab, compared to healthy subjects with TSH concentrations below 1.5 mU/L(1,12). When anti-TPO positive subje ...
... immune thyroid disease. In the NHANES III population, healthy subjects with no history of thyroid disease who had serum TSH concentrations in the high-normal range had higher rates of anti-TPO Ab, compared to healthy subjects with TSH concentrations below 1.5 mU/L(1,12). When anti-TPO positive subje ...
Use of Minerals in Foods - Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung
... European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Study Values for nutrients for which human requirements cannot yet be determined with the desired accuracy. The estimated values do, however, provide good pointers for adequate and safe intake (D-A-CH, 2000). Ø Reference values European Un ...
... European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Study Values for nutrients for which human requirements cannot yet be determined with the desired accuracy. The estimated values do, however, provide good pointers for adequate and safe intake (D-A-CH, 2000). Ø Reference values European Un ...
Serum human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations greater than
... >50,000 IU=L. In a preliminary study, we found that *40% (19=50) of subjects with hCG concentrations >50,000 IU=L have suppressed (0.2 mIU=mL) serum TSH concentrations (14). In addition, we have reported that if there is an hCG concentration above which all serum TSH concentrations can be expected ...
... >50,000 IU=L. In a preliminary study, we found that *40% (19=50) of subjects with hCG concentrations >50,000 IU=L have suppressed (0.2 mIU=mL) serum TSH concentrations (14). In addition, we have reported that if there is an hCG concentration above which all serum TSH concentrations can be expected ...
Maternal Thyroid Function is the Major Determinant of Amniotic Fluid
... were administered to the dams. In experiment 1, the FH dams were killed 24 h after the last daily T4 injection; in experiment 2 they were killed at the time T4 was being infused via osmotic minipump; and in experiment 3 they were sacrificed 12 h after the last b.i.d. (twice daily) injection of T4. I ...
... were administered to the dams. In experiment 1, the FH dams were killed 24 h after the last daily T4 injection; in experiment 2 they were killed at the time T4 was being infused via osmotic minipump; and in experiment 3 they were sacrificed 12 h after the last b.i.d. (twice daily) injection of T4. I ...
Bibliography for Thyroid
... showed small or no changes. Time-course analysis showed that free and total thyroxine levels remained significantly elevated above baseline for 9 and 5 h, respectively, after a levothyroxine dose. In conclusion, there is a transient increase in thyroid hormone levels for 9 h after an oral levothyrox ...
... showed small or no changes. Time-course analysis showed that free and total thyroxine levels remained significantly elevated above baseline for 9 and 5 h, respectively, after a levothyroxine dose. In conclusion, there is a transient increase in thyroid hormone levels for 9 h after an oral levothyrox ...
28 Endocrinology of Complex Life Cycles: Amphibians
... threshold of minimum body size that must be reached before metamorphosis is possible and that larval growth rates determine the timing of metamorphosis after this minimum size has been attained. Werner (1986) added mortality risk in the larval and adult habitats to the list of factors that ultimatel ...
... threshold of minimum body size that must be reached before metamorphosis is possible and that larval growth rates determine the timing of metamorphosis after this minimum size has been attained. Werner (1986) added mortality risk in the larval and adult habitats to the list of factors that ultimatel ...
The interaction between growth hormone and the thyroid axis in
... I declare that this thesis, which I submit to RCSI for examination in consideration of the award of a higher degree, Doctor of Medicine (MD), is my own personal effort. Where any of the content presented is the result of input or data from a related collaborative research programme this is duly ackn ...
... I declare that this thesis, which I submit to RCSI for examination in consideration of the award of a higher degree, Doctor of Medicine (MD), is my own personal effort. Where any of the content presented is the result of input or data from a related collaborative research programme this is duly ackn ...
ONR - Radiation shielding - Office for Nuclear Regulation
... materials are introduced, or radioactive decay effects in the source material itself. For example, it is well known that the gamma-ray source strength of a Pu-241 source will increase with time up to around 70 years after manufacture due to the in-growth of Am-241, which is an intense source of low- ...
... materials are introduced, or radioactive decay effects in the source material itself. For example, it is well known that the gamma-ray source strength of a Pu-241 source will increase with time up to around 70 years after manufacture due to the in-growth of Am-241, which is an intense source of low- ...
Thyroid Hormone, Metabolism and the Brain
... organ. This notion is in line with the well-known psychomotor and cognitive dysfunction often observed in adult-onset thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism (8). By use of radio-labeled iodothyronines, the group of dr. M.B. Dratman showed for the first time that THs can be transported across t ...
... organ. This notion is in line with the well-known psychomotor and cognitive dysfunction often observed in adult-onset thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism (8). By use of radio-labeled iodothyronines, the group of dr. M.B. Dratman showed for the first time that THs can be transported across t ...
Physiological and Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action
... In 1888, the Clinical Society of London published the definitive report that first linked cretinism and adult hypothyroidism to the destruction of the thyroid gland (97a). Soon afterward, thyroid extracts from sheep were used for the treatment of hypothyroidism. Around this time, Emil Kocher perform ...
... In 1888, the Clinical Society of London published the definitive report that first linked cretinism and adult hypothyroidism to the destruction of the thyroid gland (97a). Soon afterward, thyroid extracts from sheep were used for the treatment of hypothyroidism. Around this time, Emil Kocher perform ...
Parathyroid gland angiography with indocyanine green
... gland angiography in predicting normal parathyroid gland function after thyroid surgery. Methods: Angiography with the fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) was performed in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy, to visualize vascularization of identified parathyroid glands. Results: Some 36 pat ...
... gland angiography in predicting normal parathyroid gland function after thyroid surgery. Methods: Angiography with the fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) was performed in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy, to visualize vascularization of identified parathyroid glands. Results: Some 36 pat ...
Neuroendocrinology of Amphibian Metamorphosis
... is maximal. The continued rise in TH synthesis by the thyroid gland, paired with a decline in TTR, could result in an increase in the free hormone fraction in the blood. At the same time, the rate of clearance of T3 from the circulation would likely increase. However, because the thyroid synthetic r ...
... is maximal. The continued rise in TH synthesis by the thyroid gland, paired with a decline in TTR, could result in an increase in the free hormone fraction in the blood. At the same time, the rate of clearance of T3 from the circulation would likely increase. However, because the thyroid synthetic r ...
Role of thyroid hormones in skeletal development and bone
... time of his organotherapy for hypothyroidism (1, 3). Coincidentally, in the same year of 1891, Friedrich Von Recklinghausen reported a patient with thyrotoxicosis and multiple fractures and was the first to identify the relationship between the thyroid and the adult skeleton (4, 5). Since then a rol ...
... time of his organotherapy for hypothyroidism (1, 3). Coincidentally, in the same year of 1891, Friedrich Von Recklinghausen reported a patient with thyrotoxicosis and multiple fractures and was the first to identify the relationship between the thyroid and the adult skeleton (4, 5). Since then a rol ...
PDF Links - Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
... Both intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma and acute pancreatitis from hyperparathyroidism are rare disorders. We report a case of acute pancreatitis from hyperfunctioning intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma in a 40-year-old man with severe abdominal pain. Serum chemistry values showed high amylase, lip ...
... Both intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma and acute pancreatitis from hyperparathyroidism are rare disorders. We report a case of acute pancreatitis from hyperfunctioning intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma in a 40-year-old man with severe abdominal pain. Serum chemistry values showed high amylase, lip ...
Case-Scenario-Answers
... concern of invasion of the thyroid cartilage on the right and perhaps also post-cricoid extension. Metastatic bilateral neck lymphadenopathy. No evidence of distant metastasis. 6/15 Right hemithyroidectomy, total laryngectomy. Bilateral selective neck dissection levels IIA, IIB, III and IV. Right pe ...
... concern of invasion of the thyroid cartilage on the right and perhaps also post-cricoid extension. Metastatic bilateral neck lymphadenopathy. No evidence of distant metastasis. 6/15 Right hemithyroidectomy, total laryngectomy. Bilateral selective neck dissection levels IIA, IIB, III and IV. Right pe ...
Case Scenario #1 Larynx
... concern of invasion of the thyroid cartilage on the right and perhaps also post-cricoid extension. Metastatic bilateral neck lymphadenopathy. No evidence of distant metastasis. 6/15 Right hemithyroidectomy, total laryngectomy. Bilateral selective neck dissection levels IIA, IIB, III and IV. Right pe ...
... concern of invasion of the thyroid cartilage on the right and perhaps also post-cricoid extension. Metastatic bilateral neck lymphadenopathy. No evidence of distant metastasis. 6/15 Right hemithyroidectomy, total laryngectomy. Bilateral selective neck dissection levels IIA, IIB, III and IV. Right pe ...
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American
... surgery, where 1 or more parathyroid glands might have been unknowingly removed or compromised, increases the risk of hypoparathyroidism after additional central neck surgery. Such increased risk may not be detectable with preoperative testing. DEFINITIONS OF HYPOPARATHYROIDISM Hypoparathyroidism ...
... surgery, where 1 or more parathyroid glands might have been unknowingly removed or compromised, increases the risk of hypoparathyroidism after additional central neck surgery. Such increased risk may not be detectable with preoperative testing. DEFINITIONS OF HYPOPARATHYROIDISM Hypoparathyroidism ...
Iodine-131
Iodine-131 (131I), also loosely and nonspecifically called radioiodine, is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production. It also plays a major role as a radioactive isotope present in nuclear fission products, and was a significant contributor to the health hazards from open-air atomic bomb testing in the 1950s, and from the Chernobyl disaster, as well as being a large fraction of the contamination hazard in the first weeks in the Fukushima nuclear crisis. This is because I-131 is a major uranium, plutonium fission product, comprising nearly 3% of the total products of fission (by weight). See fission product yield for a comparison with other radioactive fission products. I-131 is also a major fission product of uranium-233, produced from thorium.Due to its mode of beta decay, iodine-131 is notable for causing mutation and death in cells that it penetrates, and other cells up to several millimeters away. For this reason, high doses of the isotope are sometimes less dangerous than low doses, since they tend to kill thyroid tissues that would otherwise become cancerous as a result of the radiation. For example, children treated with moderate dose of I-131 for thyroid adenomas had a detectable increase in thyroid cancer, but children treated with a much higher dose did not. Likewise, most studies of very-high-dose I-131 for treatment of Graves disease have failed to find any increase in thyroid cancer, even though there is linear increase in thyroid cancer risk with I-131 absorption at moderate doses. Thus, iodine-131 is increasingly less employed in small doses in medical use (especially in children), but increasingly is used only in large and maximal treatment doses, as a way of killing targeted tissues. This is known as ""therapeutic use.""Iodine-131 can be ""seen"" by nuclear medicine imaging techniques (i.e., gamma cameras) whenever it is given for therapeutic use, since about 10% of its energy and radiation dose is via gamma radiation. However, since the other 90% of radiation (beta radiation) causes tissue damage without contributing to any ability to see or ""image"" the isotope, other less-damaging radioisotopes of iodine such as iodine-123 (see isotopes of iodine) are preferred in situations when only nuclear imaging is required. The isotope I-131 is still occasionally used for purely diagnostic (i.e., imaging) work, due to its low expense compared to other iodine radioisotopes. Very small medical imaging doses of I-131 have not shown any increase in thyroid cancer. The low-cost availability of I-131, in turn, is due to the relative ease of creating I-131 by neutron bombardment of natural tellurium in a nuclear reactor, then separating I-131 out by various simple methods (i.e., heating to drive off the volatile iodine). By contrast, other iodine radioisotopes are usually created by far more expensive techniques, starting with reactor radiation of expensive capsules of pressurized xenon gas.Iodine-131 is also one of the most commonly used gamma-emitting radioactive industrial tracer. Radioactive tracer isotopes are injected with hydraulic fracturing fluid to determine the injection profile and location of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing.Much smaller incidental doses of iodine-131 than those used in medical therapeutic procedures, are thought to be the major cause of increased thyroid cancers after accidental nuclear contamination. These cancers happen from residual tissue radiation damage caused by the I-131, and usually appear years after exposure, long after the I-131 has decayed.