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Name: _____________________________________________Family: __________ Date: Monday/Tuesday, March 9,10 2015 Select the best answer for each question: Part 1: Multiple Choice (2 points each) 1. Protein Synthesis involves which two processes? a. DNA Replication and Transcription b. DNA Replication and Translation c. Transcription and Mitosis d. Transcription and Translation 2. The “big picture” goal of transcription is to: a. Create mRNA b. Create tRNA c. Create amino acids d. Create a protein 3. The first step in transcription is: a. mRNA exits the nucleus b. DNA is “unzipped” by special enzymes in the nucleus c. DNA re-­‐winds into a double helix d. mRNA is created by complimentary base pairing to a single DNA strand 4. The final step in transcription is: a. mRNA exits the nucleus b. DNA is “unzipped” by special enzymes in the nucleus c. DNA re-­‐winds into a double helix d. mRNA is created by complimentary base pairing to a single DNA strand 5. Transcription occurs in which part of the cell? a. The ribosome b. The nucleus. c. The endoplasmic reticulum d. The cell membrane 6. Codons are found on which type of molecule? a. DNA b. mRNA c. tRNA d. rRNA 7. Which nitrogen base of RNA base pairs to thymine on the DNA? a. Adenine b. Guanine c. Cytosine d. Uracil 8. Which nitrogen base of RNA base pairs to guanine on the DNA? a. Adenine b. Thymine c. Cytosine d. Uracil For questions 11-­‐17 use the following DNA sequence: AACGACTTAGCTTAG 9. What would be the sequence of bases on the complimentary DNA strand? a. AACGACTTAGCTTAG b. AACGACUUAGCUUAG c. UUGCUGAAUCGAAUC d. TTGCTGAATCGAATC 10. What would be the sequence of bases on the complimentary mRNA strand? a. AACGACTTAGCTTAG b. AACGACUUAGCUUAG c. UUGCUGAAUCGAAUC d. TTGCTGAATCGAATC 11. What would be the sequence of bases on the complimentary tRNA anticodons? a. AACGACTTAGCTTAG b. AACGACUUAGCUUAG c. UUGCUGAAUCGAAUC d. TTGCTGAATCGAATC 12. What would be the sequence of amino acids resulting from this original strand of DNA? a. Asparagine, Aspartic Acid b. Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Leucine, Alanine, Stop c. Leucine, Leucine, Asparagine, Arginine, Isoleucine d. Arginine 13. How many tRNA molecules would be required to complete this amino acid sequence? a. 1 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 14. Which of the following strands shows a substitution occurring in the original DNA? a. AACGCACTTAGCTTAG b. TTGCTGAATCGAATC c. AACGGCACTTAGCTTAG d. AACGACTTAGCTAG 15. Which of the following strands shows a deletion occurring in the original DNA? a. AACGCACTTAGCTTAG b. TTGCTGAATCGAATC c. AACGGCACTTAGCTTAG d. AACGACTTAGCTAG 16. Which type of mutation generally disrupts the final protein product the most? a. Substitution b. Deletion c. Frameshift d. Point 17. What is the codon that signals for the tRNA to start translation? a. UUA b. AAU c. GAG d. AUG Part II. Answer the following questions: 1. Explain the difference between transcription and translation. 2. Explain the difference between DNA and RNA. 3. Why is RNA made? 4. Explain the difference and between hydrogen and peptide bonds. 5. Explain the difference between Replication, and Transcription. Name: _____________________________________________________Family: ___________ Date: Wednesday, March 11, 2015 Match the following definitions to the correct vocabulary term. ____ 1.) DNA A.) Condensed or compact “rod” of DNA that carries genetic information. ____ 2.) Gene B.) A segment of DNA that controls protein production. ____ 3.) Chromosome C.) Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid; helical molecule that carries the genetic information of an organism and is passed from parent to offspring. Write the letter on the line of the choice that best answers each question. _____ 4.) How many nitrogenous bases are there in DNA? A.) 1 B.)2 C.) 3 D.) 4 _____ 5.) Which of the following is not a nitrogenous base found in DNA? A.) Adenine B.) Cytosine C.) Guanine D.) Uracil _____ 6.) DNA is made up of Nitrogenous base pairs. The bases bond in which of the following patterns? A.) Adenine – Thymine; Cytosine – Guanine B.) Adenine – Cytosine; Guanine – Thymine C.) Adenine – Guanine; Cytosine – Thymine D.) Adenine – Guanine; Cytosine – Taurine _____ 7.) DNA looks like a “twisted ladder”. If the “rungs” of the ladder are made up of nitrogenous bases, what are the hand rails or backbone of the ladder made up of? A.) Sugars and Salts B.) Phosphates C.) Sugars D.) Sugars and Phosphates _____ 8.) Where is DNA located in the cell? A.) Mitochondria B.) Cell Membrane C.) Nucleus D.) Golgi Body _____ 9.) How many chromosomes do we get from our mother? A.) 46 B.) 23 C.) 22 D.) 20 _____ 10.) A baby is XY for the gender or sex chromosome. That baby will be a _________ A.) Boy B.) Girl C.) Puppy D.) Can’t tell Name: ________________________________________________Family: ___________ Date: Wed./Thurs. March 11, 12, 2015 DNA/RNA/Protein Synthesis: Matching: ________ 1. Found in the cell nucleus ________ 2. Contains ribose a. DNA ________ 3. Contains hydrogen bonds b. DNA & mRNA ________ 4. Contains deoxyribose c. mRNA ________ 5. Contains the base thymine d. tRNA ________ 6. Contains the base uracil e. mRNA & tRNA ________ 7. Contains the base cytosine ab. DNA, mRNA, tRNA (all 3) ________ 8. Composed of 3 nucleotides with an amino acid ________ 9. Found only in the cytoplasm ________ 10. Found in the nucleus and cytoplasm ________ 11. A single strand ________ 12. Involved in translation ________ 13. Involved in transcription ________ 14. Involved in replication ________ 15. Transports amino acids For the following fill in use the word bank as a source: Word Bank Choices: amino acid, protein, transcription, translation, replication, ribosome 16. The DNA molecule unzips and the mRNA nucleotides pair up to it. This is known as _________________________. 17. The mRNA molecule then leaves the nucleus and goes to the ___________________________________. 18. Three bases on the mRNA molecule attract a tRNA molecule. The tRNA molecule carries with it a(n) __________________________________________. 19. When the tRNA matches up to the mRNA the process is calle __________________________________________________. 20. The result, to question # 19, is the formation of a _______________________________________________________________. Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. Be specific!!! _____________________ 21. Number 1 indicates what structure? _____________________ 22. Number 2 indicates what structure? _____________________ 23. Number 3 indicates what structure? _____________________ 24. Number 4 indicates what structure? _____________________ 25. What structure do numbers 6, 7, and 8 make together? _____________________ 26. How many tRNA would match up to the above mRNA strand? _____________________ translation? 27. What process would this represent – replication, transcription, or _____________________ sequence be? 28. For the above DNA strand what would the complimentary DNA base Other fill-­‐in: 29. If a DNA segment is CCTAGATTG, what is the mRNA segment? _____________________ 30. What would the tRNA bases be that match up to this mRNA? ________________________________________ 31. Using your amino acids chart, what would be the amino acid that tRNA is carrying? _____________________ ______________________ ________________________ 32. If the fifth base in the DNA segment from question # 29 changed to a C, what would the resulting amino acid sequence be?_____________________ ______________________ ___________________ 33. What type of mutation has occurred? ___________________________ Friday: Lab Report is Due!!!