Download ENDOCRINE SYSTEM QUIZ

Carl Christensen, PhD
Chap. 18 - Endocrine System
Bio. 2304 Human Anatomy
1. Give 5 examples of hormones that are amino acid or protein based.
How does this type of hormone have an effect on its target cell?
2. Give 5 examples of hormones that are cholesterol or steroid based.
How does this type of hormone have an effect on its target cell?
3. What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Give an example of each.
4. Name 3 glands that are both endocrine & exocrine. For each give the endocrine and exocrine products.
Gland
Endocrine Product(s) (hormones)
Exocrine product
5. Define tropic and nontropic:
6. List the 3 nontropic hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland and give the target organ or target cell
for each.
Nontropic Hormones produced by
Ant. Pit. Gland
Target Organ/Cell
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7. List the 4 tropic hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland, give the target gland for each, and give the
hormone(s) produced by the target in response to the tropic hormone.
Tropic hormones produced by Ant.
Pit.
Target Gland
Hormones produced by target
8. What gland produces melatonin? What is the function of melatonin?
9. Name 4 major hormones that control blood calcium levels. What gland or organ produces each hormone?
What is the main target cell of each hormone? What is the specific action of each hormone (do they make
calcium levels go up or down)? Make sure you know how a hormone regulates blood calcium levels (action)
and what turns on the gland (trigger – hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia).
Hormone
Gland or Organ that
produces hormone
Target Cell of
Hormone
Action (specifically
how does the
hormone work on the
target?)
Trigger
(hypocalcemia or
hypercalcemia)
Calcitonin
Parathyroid
Hormone
Calcitriol
Estrogen
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10. Name 2 major hormones that control blood glucose levels. What gland produces each hormone? What is
the specific action of each hormone (do they make glucose levels go up or down and how do they do it)? What
turns on the gland (trigger – hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia)?
Hormone
Gland that produces
hormone
Action (specifically how
does the hormone work on
the target?)
Trigger (hypoglycemia or
hyperglycemia)
11. Name 2 major hormones that control homeostasis of water and urine volume. What gland produces each
hormone? What is the specific action of each hormone at each target. Do these hormones increase or decrease
urine volume? Do they increase or decrease blood pressure?
Hormone
Gland that
produces hormone
(be specific!)
Target Cell/Organ
of Hormone
Action (specifically how does the
hormone work on the target?)
Urine Volume?
Blood pressure?
12. a. Give an example of a gland that receives neural stimulation.
b. What hormone is produced in response to this stimulation?
c. This hormone has a role in what nervous system response?
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13. Name 3 adrenal cortex hormones & give a brief action (function) for each.
Adrenal Cortex Hormone
Function
What kind of stimulation does the adrenal cortex receive? (hormonal, humoral, or neural)
14. a. What 2 hormones are stored by the posterior pituitary gland?
b. What gland produces these hormones?
15. What hormone induces labor? What is the name of its synthetic?
16. a. What gland & hormone is an important source of estrogen for postmenopausal women?
b. Why does estrogen continue to be important to a postmenopausal woman? (She’s not having any more
babies, why does she need it?)
17. Match the following characteristics to Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.
a. Type I
b. Type II
Maturity Onset Diabetes
autoimmune disease
insulin injections required
controlled by diet and exercise
Juvenile Diabetes
completely insulin deficient
insulin levels normal, but receptors on cells become less sensitive
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18. What 2 hormones are produced by the thyroid gland? Give a brief action (function) for each.
Hormone
Function
20. a. What element is necessary for the production of thyroid hormone?
b. In short, what is a goiter?
c.
What gland and hormone control secretion of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland?
d. Do goiters involve hyposecretion or hypersecretion of thyroid hormone?
e. How was this problem solved in the U.S. and many other countries?
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