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Download L12 Climate Change Causes and Impacts
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Climate Change Causes Human causes Burning fossil fuels • Carbon dioxide released when fossil fuels are burnt (CO2 is greenhouse gas). • Atmospheric CO2 levels increased from 280-380 ppm since industrial revolution. whereas they'd been stable for around 10,000 years before that. Deforestation • Plants absorb CO2 in the atmosphere and therefore when they are cut down these 'carbon sinks' are lost. • CO2 is released into the atmosphere when trees are chopped or burnt. Farming • Nitrogen-based fertilizer increases nitrous oxide emissions. • Livestock farms produce a lot of methane. • Rice paddies - flooded fields emit methane. Climate Change Impacts Changes to precipitation patterns. - Wet areas get wetter, precipitation decrease 5-20% in dry areas due to changes to ocean circulation and wind patterns. Glaciers, sea ice and ice caps would melt - sea level rises. 10-15% less arctic ice since 1950s. More extreme weather events. - Storms, floods and drought expected to be more severe and happen more regularly. LEDCs would suffer the most. Increase in incidences of disease. - Breathing problems (Smog increase), heat-stroke, malarial mosquitos move to areas where they currently aren't. Conflict over water could increase. - Would become much more valuable resource. Agricultural patterns could change. - Where crops grown, time of year etc. Productivity may alter. Decrease in biodiversity. - Species distribution might change and some species may become extinct due to loss of habitat. How will global warming impact the UK? Over to you!! Think……. • How will the climate change • Sea level • Drought • Patterns of agriculture • habitats Climate Change Impact on Tropical Savanna Climate • Likely to get hotter resulting in higher evapotranspiration and drought. • Rainfall likely to increase closer to the equator bringing flooding and water-borne diseases(cholera etc.) but may also mean increased agricultural productivity. • Further from the equator the rainfall would decrease leading to drought and likely extinction of species. • Rainfall would become more variable - more storms in wet season. • Flooding of low-lying areas, increased coastal erosion, and damage to coral reefs through increased sea temperatures.