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Transcript
HEREDITY Some ¡ Ex: traits completely Gender, Eye Color, Natural Hair Color Other traits such as intelligence and longevity with the influence of the environment Our heredity information is contained in chromosomes Humans have 23 pairs (46 total) Half from the mother and half from the father In other terms half come from the egg and the other half come from the sperm Each chromosome has thousand of genes Who discovered these? ¡ Gregor Mendel found the laws of dominant vs recessive genes ¡ The Laws are: Inherited traits are determined by genes ¢ Genes occur in pairs-parent gives on of each set to offspring ¢ Effect of a recessive gene may be masked by a dominant gene (ex. Brown eyes are dominant over green/blue eyes) ¢ Genes for one trait (like hair color) have NO effect on genes of another trait (like eye color) ¢ Genes remain the same unless mutation occurs How does this happen? ¡ Spontaneous error ¡ Outside Influences Alcohol/drug abuse ¢ Radiation ¢ Malnutrition ¢ How is the gender of the baby determined? The 23rd chromosome is the deciding factor that determines the sex of a human Chromosomes 1-22 are the same for both male and female in what they determine BUT not the 23rd Males provide an X or Y chromosome Females provide two X chromosomes So ultimately it’s up to the guy: ¡ He gives out a Y it’s a boy ¡ He gives out an X it’s a girl Males have a greater chance of inheriting colorblindness Females are carriers for hemophilia (blood disease) because the disease is carried on the X chromosome, however males are more likely to contract the disease because the healthly X masks the infected X and guys only have one X chromosome Blood Types ¡ O: it’s the most common, so they are the universal donor ¡ AB: it’s the least common, so they are the universal reciever RH Factor: Proteins on red blood cells. You’re either RH negative (you don’t have the protein) or you’re RH positive
