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BUILDING BLOCKS
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO…
Explain that cells are the building blocks of all life forms
Acknowledge that tissues are organized into four different categories
Explain that tissues allow organs to function
Show that organs construct organ systems
Demonstrate that organ systems come together to make organisms
Classify organisms from the simplest form of organization to the most complex
VOCABULARY
Cell: the basic structural unit of the body
Contract: to draw together
Cytoplasm: the fluid-like substance contained within the cell membrane, the nucleus not
included
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic "blueprint" that determines the cell's purpose and function
Nucleus: the organelle within a cell that functions as its brain, regulating its production of
protein
Organ: a group of tissues that works together to perform a specified bodily function
Organelle: a structure that performs a specific function within a cell
System: organs working together to perform a specific bodily function
Tissue: a group of cells that have the same purpose
THE CELL
The most structural unit of life
Trillions of cells contained within the human body
Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane and contains cytoplasm (fluid like
substance) that holds all the organelles except the nucleus
Organelles perform special functions within the cell
The cell’s nucleus acts as it’s brain to regulate production of proteins and genetic
material
The instructions that the nucleus follows is on the DNA
TISSUE
Cells that work together to perform a specific function
Cell types:
 Epithelial: tissues are designed to regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect the body from
harmful substances
 Muscular: tissues provide movement
 Connective: tissues and fluids connect the parts of the body
 Nerve: tissue sends messages from the brain to the rest of the body
ORGANS
Tissues work together to perform various functions
Example: Stomach in digestion
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Epithelial tissue-acids
Muscular tissue-mixes food and acids
Nerve cells-send messages back and forth to the brain to regulate digestion
Connective tissue-supply and support other tissues of the stomach
BODY SYSTEMS
Organs working together to make a system to accomplish a task or perform a function
Example: digestive system
 Begins in the mouth and ends in the large intestine
11 body systems
 Cardiovascular system
 Respiratory system
 Integumentary system
 Skeletal system
 Muscular system
 Nervous system
 Endocrine system
 Lymphatic system
 Digestive system
 Urinary system
 Reproductive system