Download 4B EOC Biology Multiple Choice Identify the choice

4B EOC Biology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Water movement into and out of cells is of prime importance to all living things. A single‐celled organism has star‐shaped organelles called contractile vacuoles to move water from inside to outside the cell. The data presented in the table above were obtained in an experiment in which the organism was placed in water with different salt concentrations. The rate at which the contractile vacuole contracted to pump out excess water was recorded. How could you explain the observed relationship between the rate of contractile vacuole contractions and the salt concentration? ____ ____ ____ a. When the salt concentration outside the cell is very high, diffusion causes water to move inside the cell, and the contractile vacuole has to contract more rapidly. b. When the salt concentration outside the cell is very low, diffusion causes water to move outside the cell, but it has no impact on the contractile vacuole contractions. c. When the salt concentration outside the cell is very high, diffusion causes water to move outside the cell, and the contractile vacuole does not need to contract as rapidly. d. When the salt concentration outside the cell is very low, diffusion causes water to move outside the cell, and the contractile vacuole does not need to contract as rapidly. 2. Amino acids link together by peptide bonds to form proteins. In which cellular organelle would this process occur? a. Mitochondrion c. Lysosome b. Ribosome d. Golgi body 3. Which is surrounded by a double membrane and is the site for photosynthesis in plants. a. Nucleus c. Cell wall b. Lysosomes d. Chloroplast 4. What organelle packages proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep stored? a. Centrioles c. Lysosomes b. Golgi bodies d. Mitochondria ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 5. The structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the _____. a. cytoplasm c. mitochondrion b. cell wall d. plasma membrane 6. Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down a. food molecules. c. carbon dioxide. b. ATP. d. water 7. Photosynthesis is important for almost all life on Earth because it — a. uses simple elements c. produces oxygen b. is responsible for most decay d. releases usable forms of nitrogen 8. Since oxygen gas is being released, it can be inferred that the plant is a. producing glucose c. releasing energy from water b. making protein d. carrying on active transport 9. Many marine invertebrates have body surfaces that are permeable to water but not to salt. Osmosis can change the pressure of their body fluids. Fortunately, the ocean is very stable in its salt content. What would happen if a jellyfish were placed in a very low‐salt environment such as an estuary? a. It would gain water from the environment. b. It would gain nutrients from the water in the environment. c. It would lose proteins into the water. d. It would lose salt into the water. ____ 10. Starch turns blue‐black in the presence of iodine solution. A selectively permeable dialysis sac containing a starch solution is placed into a beaker of iodine solution. ____ 11. ____ 12. ____ 13. ____ 14. Which of these processes is demonstrated by the experiment shown in the diagram? a. cellular respiration c. endocytosis b. active transport d. diffusion ____ is the net movement of uncharged molecules from a low concentration to a higher concentration. a. Active transport c. Exocytosis b. Facilitated diffusion d. Osmosis Eukaryotic cells import large molecules through the process of ____ and secrete larger molecules by ____. a. endocytosis; exocytosis c. exocytosis; endocytosis b. diffusion; exocytosis d. endocytosis; phagocytosis The selective permeability of a cell membrane is due to ____. a. the hydrophobic core formed by the phospholipid tails b. the hydrophilic end facing the cell exterior c. the integral proteins of the membrane d. the position of cholesterol in the membrane bilayer Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition? a. Water left the lettuce cells by diffusion. b. Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis. c. Osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cells. d. Salts in the leaf caused water to leave the cells. ____ 15. Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration? a. fermentation b. electron transport c. glycolysis d. Krebs cycle ____ 16. What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration? a. oxygen and lactic acid b. carbon dioxide and water c. glucose and oxygen d. water and glucose ____ 17. Which process does NOT release energy from glucose? a. glycolysis b. photosynthesis c. fermentation d. cellular respiration ____ 18. The products of photosynthesis are the a. products of cellular respiration. b. reactants of cellular respiration. c. products of glycolysis. d. reactants of fermentation. ____ 19. Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of a. 2 ATP molecules. b. 4 ATP molecules. c. 18 ATP molecules. d. 36 ATP molecules. ____ 20. Which of the following is an electron carrier that plays a role in cellular respiration? a. NAD+ b. pyruvic acid c. NADP+ d. ATP ____ 21. The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle is a. glucose. b. NADH. c. pyruvic acid. d. coenzyme A. 4B EOC Biology Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C PTS: 1 2. ANS: B PTS: 1 3. ANS: D PTS: 1 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 5. ANS: D PTS: 1 6. ANS: A PTS: 1 7. ANS: C PTS: 1 8. ANS: A also SE 2F and 2G PTS: 1 STA: 2F, 2G 9. ANS: A PTS: 1 10. ANS: D Also SE 2G PTS: 1 STA: 2G 11. ANS: A PTS: 1 12. ANS: A PTS: 1 13. ANS: A PTS: 1 14. ANS: B PTS: 1 15. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 9.1.2 Define cellular respiration. BLM: comprehension 16. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 9.1.2 Define cellular respiration. BLM: analysis 17. ANS: B PTS: 1 STA: 1.B.4.B DIF: L2 TOP: REF: p. 252 Foundation Edition DIF: L2 TOP: REF: p. 251 Foundation Edition DIF: L2 REF: p. 253 18. 19. 20. 21. OBJ: TOP: ANS: OBJ: TOP: ANS: OBJ: BLM: ANS: OBJ: BLM: ANS: OBJ: TOP: 9.1.3 Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Foundation Edition BLM: application B PTS: 1 DIF: L2 REF: p. 253 9.1.3 Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Foundation Edition BLM: comprehension A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 9.2.1 Describe what happens during glycolysis. knowledge REF: p. 255 TOP: Foundation Edition A PTS: 1 DIF: L2 9.2.1 Describe what happens during glycolysis. comprehension REF: p. 255 TOP: Foundation Edition C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 9.2.2 Describe what happens during the Krebs cycle. Foundation Edition BLM: knowledge REF: p. 256