Download Cell Energetics - Practice Test - Biology

Name: ______________________
Class: _________________
Date: _________
ID: A
Cell Energetics - Practice Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Which of the following is the source of energy used in chemosynthesis?
a. sunlight
b. heat from hydrothermal vents
c. chemical compounds
d. amino acids
____
2. Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?
a. Plants use oxygen to make simple sugars.
b. Chlorophyll builds sugars in the thylakoid membrane.
c. Light breaks down water molecules and releases carbon dioxide.
d. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.
____
3. Which of the following types of organisms uses cellular respiration for their cellular energy needs?
a. eukaryotes
b. plants only
c. animals only
d. prokaryotes
____
4. What provides the electron transport chain in cellular respiration with the energy it needs to function?
a. ATP synthase
b. glycolysis
c. chlorophyll
d. Krebs cycle
____
5. Which of the following statements best describes cellular respiration?
a. Sunlight and carbon dioxide are used to make ATP.
b. ATP and oxygen are used to make sugars and starches.
c. Carbon-based molecules from food and oxygen are used to make ATP.
d. ATP and carbon dioxide are used to make ADP and water.
____
6. Which phrase best describes the main role of fermentation?
a. converts glucose into pyruvate and NADH
b. produces lactic acid to counteract an oxygen deficit
c. allows glycolysis to continue making a small amount of ATP
d. allowing anaerobic production of ADP
____
7. Why does a runner breathe hard for a few minutes after finishing a race?
a. The runner's cells need oxygen to make lactic acid.
b. The runner's cells continue the fermentation process.
c. The runner's cells are making up for an oxygen deficit
d. The runner's cells cannot perform glycolysis.
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Name: ______________________
ID: A
____
8. A hydrogen atom that loses its electron and becomes positively charged is called a(n)
a. element.
b. ion.
c. molecule.
d. acid.
____
9. What type of carbon-based molecule is the first to be broken down by your cells to provide a source of
energy?
a. carbohydrate
b. fat
c. protein
d. amino acid
____ 10. Which organelle converts molecules from the food you eat into usable energy?
a. chloroplast
b. mitochondrion
c. Golgi apparatus
d. lysosome
____ 11. Which of the following does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?
a. cytoplasm
b. centriole
c. nucleus
d. chloroplasts
____ 12. Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because it
a. releases energy as heat rather than as light.
b. absorbs more energy than it releases.
c. generates more heat than cellular respiration does.
d. does not require any activation energy.
____ 13. What molecule carries chemical energy that cells use for their functions?
a. ADP
b. A T P
+
c. NAD
+
d. NADP
____ 14. What happens to the sugars that are made during photosynthesis?
a. They move directly into an electron transport chain.
b. They go back into the Calvin cycle.
c. They can be used for cellular respiration.
d. They make ATP by bonding together.
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Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 15. Which of the following is best shown by Figure 4.2 below?
a.
b.
c.
d.
glycolysis
diffusion
the Krebs cycle
electron transport chain
____ 16. Before cellular respiration, glucose must be broken down by the process of
a. photosynthesis.
b. glycolysis.
c. electron transport.
d. fermentation.
____ 17. Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle?
a. carbon dioxide
b. oxygen
c. lactic acid
d. glucose
____ 18. Which of the following statements is true of ATP?
a. It stores energy as glucose.
b. It transfers energy to cell processes.
c. It releases energy when it gains a phosphate group.
d. It converts sunlight into chemical energy.
____ 19. Which of the following is the site of the photosystems in the light-dependent reactions of
photosynthesis?
a. stroma
b. thylakoid membrane
c. ATP synthase
d. mitochondrial matrix
____ 20. What is the name of the process that breaks glucose down into the pyruvate that is used in cellular
respiration?
a. fermentation
b. electron transport
c. glycolysis
d. the Krebs cycle
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Name: ______________________
ID: A
Short Answer
Short Answer
21. Write a simple title for the diagram above.
22. What does the large zigzagging arrow represent?
Use the exhibit to answer the questions that follow.
23. What is the name of the cycle represented by the circle in the diagram? Name three molecules that are
produced by this cycle.
Essay
24. In the autumn, the leaves of some trees, called deciduous trees, lose their green color and turn red,
orange, and yellow. In response to the long, cool nights, the trees decrease the water supply to the
leaves. What, then, is the main reason for the changes in leaf color that occur in autumn? In your
answer:
- name the colors of visible light that are absorbed most during the process of photosynthesis. Name the
colors that are reflected (1)
- predict the effect of removing H2O from the process of photosynthesis (1)
- propose a hypothesis about why leaves change colors in the fall (1)
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Name: ______________________
ID: A
25. Fermentation occurs in the cells of many organisms, including the cells of animals. Provide two examples
that illustrate the importance of this anaerobic process in the world around us. In your answer:
- provide an example of fermentation that occurs in human cells and explain why it is important (1)
- provide an example of fermentation used in food production and explain why it is important (1)
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