Download Endocrine Study Guide

BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
1. Definition of endo:
2. Definition of crine:
3. Main difference b/t endocrine and exocrine glands?
4. Name the endocrine glands
5. Define hormone
6. Which have longer lasting effects; neurotransmitters or hormones?
7. Endocrine action means:
8. Paracrine action means:
9. Autocrine action means:
10. Two main classes of hormones?
11. All steroid hormones are made from__________.
12. How do water soluble hormones get their message into the target cell?
13. Insulin, glucagon, FSH, epinephrine, are all examples of water soluble or fat soluble
hormones?
14. DHEA, estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, progesterone are all examples of water soluble
or fat soluble hormones?
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BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
15. Circle the correct response: Fat soluble hormones can/cannot diffuse through the cell
membrane and directly affect the nucleus to activate genes.
16. What do the terms up regulation and down regulation mean?
17. What is a half-life? Which hormone group, water soluble or fat soluble, has a shorter
half life?
18. Define humoral, neural, and hormonal stimuli
19. Pineal gland hormone and function:
20. Hypothalamus is the main link between what 2 systems?
21. Which is a hypothalamic hormone? TSH or TRH?
22. What structure is known as the master gland?
23. Pituitary and hypothalamus are connected by what?
24. Posterior pituitary is made of __________ tissue, while the anterior pituitary is made of
_______ tissue.
25. The hypothalamus is connected to the posterior pituitary via _________, while it is
connected to the anterior pituitary via ___________.
26. Posterior pituitary hormones and functions:
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BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
27. Deficiency of ADH results in_____________.
28. Anterior pituitary hormones:
29. GH actions:
30. Too much GH results in _________in children and _________ in adults.
31. Too little GH results in ___________ in children.
32. ACTH is triggered by ______ from the hypothalamus.
33. FSH does what?
34. PRL function?
35. What mineral is necessary for thyroid hormone production?
36. Is T3 or T4 the more metabolically active?
37. Thyroid hormone feeds back to the ______________________ to stop producing TSH.
38. Mild hyposecretion of thyroid hormone can result in_________, where severe
hyposecretion of thyroid hormone can result in__________.
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BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
39. Too much thyroid hormone results in:
40. Be familiar with symptoms of hypo and hypersecretion of thyroid.
41. PTH affects what mineral? Does it move the mineral into or out of the blood?
42. In what 3 ways does PTH increase this mineral in the blood?
43. The outer layer of the adrenal gland is called the ___________, while the inner layer is
called the________________.
44. Name the 3 layers of the cortex and what they secrete, the general category and a
specific example.
45. What is the role of aldosterone?
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BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
46. Write out the step by step process of how aldosterone is stimulated and how it achieves
its goal. Start with low BP
47. What is the role of ANP and which organ secretes it?
48. What is the main glucocorticoid? What is its function?
49. Hypersecretion of cortisol causes____________, while hyposecretion causes
___________.
50. Be familiar with signs and symptoms of each hyper and hyposecreting syndrome.
51. Gonadocorticoids include:
52. The adrenal medulla is made of ________ tissue and secretes_____________and
_____________.
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BIOL 242
Endocrine Exam Review/Lab
53. How do epinephrine and norepinephrine affect the body?
54. The pancreas secretes what 2 hormones? The area from which these hormones are
secreted is called?
55. Alpha cells produce ____________, while beta cells produce ____________.
56. ____________increases glucose in the blood, while ____________ decreases glucose in
the blood.
57. What are the main difference between T1 and T2 diabetes?
58. What are the 3 cardinal signs of diabetes and why do they occur?
59. Main function of sex hormones:
60. Name the hormone(s) other structures produce and the function of that hormone:
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