Download endocrine glands

ENDOCRINE GLANDS
 Secrete hormones _________ into the
____________
 Ductless
EXOCRINE GLANDS – secrete
substances through _______(sweat,
salivary, lacrimal and pancreas
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Function of the Endocrine System –
to secrete __________
Hormones are _____ _____ that
coordinate and direct target cells
and organs.
What other system works with the
Endocrine system to control functions of
the body?????__________
Negative feedback
Hormonal Control
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
Drop in hormone level triggers a chain reaction
to increase secretion
 Blood level of hormone falls
 Hypothalamus gets message and sends
out hormone to pituitary gland
 Pituitary gland sends out stimulating
hormones to the gland, tissues or cells
 Gland stimulates more hormone production
 When blood levels of hormone increase,
the hypothalamus tells the pituitary to
stop stimulating hormones
PITUITARY GLAND
 the size of a ___ to
a small____
 Connected to
the_________
 2 lobes: _____and
______
 The “Master Gland”
Pituitary-Hypothalamus
Relationship
 Hypothalamus is part of the nervous
system
 It produces 2 hormones
 These 2 hormones are stored in the
__________ pituitary
Posterior Pituitary
Lobe
 VASOPRESSIN or
ADH (antidiuretic
hormone)
 Acts to ________
__________(doesn’t
allow us to urinate as
much)
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OXYTOCIN
What does it do???
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Anterior Pituitary Lobe
GROWTH HORMONE - GH
responsible for __________________
PROLACTIN –production of
____________

THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE –
TSH - stimulates___________

ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE –
ACTH – stimulates___________
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FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE –
FSH -stimulates growth of ___________and
production of ________in females,
_____ in males
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LUTEINIZING HORMONE – LH
stimulates__________
INTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING
HORMONE – ICSH production of
___________ in males
THYROID GLAND
 H or Butterflyshaped mass of
tissue
 On either side of
larynx, over trachea
 Produces 2
hormones:______
and ________
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THYROXINE – is controlled by the
secretion of ___
(Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Thyroxine controls_____________
_____________________body activities
Helps with _____ production

Thyroid hormones contain________
Where do we get out Iodine????
 We get Iodine from our _____
specifically ____

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Where do we want our Ca+ to be???
_________
CALCITONIN – causes ___ to be absorbed by
the ____ from the _____
___________: a harmful rise in blood Ca+ levels
 Is FATAL if not treated!!!!

What else do we need Ca+ for???
 ______________
 ______________
Negative Feedback:
 Ca+ levels in blood increase.
 _____ (from the pituitary) stimulates the
thyroid to release ______________.
 ___________ causes Ca+ to be absorbed
by the bone.
 When blood levels of Ca+ return to normal,
hypothalamus tells the pituitary to stop
producing ______.
PARATHYROID GLANDS
 Four glands, size of a
grain of rice
 Attached to ________
thyroid
 Produces ___________

Parathormone works with _________
to control Ca+ blood levels
When Ca+ levels in the blood ____,
Parathormone is released causing ____
to release ___ into the ______
 Prevents hypocalcemia


Thymus gland part of the lymphatic
system
Endocrine function: secretes ____
directly into the blood
Thymus gland gets smaller as we get
older
WHY????
ADRENAL GLANDS
 Located on top of each kidney:
Outer part
Inner layer

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cortex
medulla
Works under the control of _____
Adrenal cortex: secretes hormones
known as_________
 Corticoids are ______________
1. mineralocorticoids Aldosterone
speeds up ___ absorption from the
kidneys
2. glucocorticoids
“cortisone” as in
hydrocortisone and
Prednisone
Glucocorticoids help:
** _____ glucose levels in
the blood
** _____ everyday stress
**decrease _______
** decrease ___ in injuries
by inhibiting
prostaglandins
3. Androgens male sex hormones
These are the ones abused by athletes
Males liver changes
atrophy of testicles, breast enlargement
“roid rage”
Female amenorrhea, abnormal body
hair, voice changes
Medulla: secretes 2 hormones
--Epinephrine or _________ a powerful
cardiac stimulant causes the
Fight or Flight syndrome
-- ___________ is the antagonist to
epinephrine
What nervous system is it a part of ???
These 2 hormones DO NOT use the
negative feedback system
PANCREAS
 Endocrine: secretes ______
 Exocrine: secretes enzymes into digestive system to
help break down food
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ISLETS OF LANGERHANS special cells in the
pancreas
Beta cells produce _______
Insulin – _______ blood glucose levels
Alpha cells produce _______
Glucagon _______blood glucose levels
Pineal gland looks like a______
produces _______
-located in the 3rd ventricle and is associated
with the ____________
coming into the _____ via the _____
Decrease light _______ melatonin
Increased light _______ melatonin
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Called “cabin fever” “winter blues”
 It is the depression people feel during
the dark days of winter
 Associated with
____________________
 Treatment is ______or ___________
GONADS
 Ovary in female
 Testes in male
 Estrogen/ Progesterone female
 Testosterone – male