Download Endocrine Vocabulary Quiz B Matching Answer Definition Term the

Endocrine Vocabulary Quiz B
Matching
Answer Definition
1.
2.
3.
4.
the butterfly-shaped gland in the anterior throat, overlying the larynx that is the
largest endocrine gland in the body. It secretes T4 & T3 that are important in
increasing the rate of cellular metabolism.
a third type of chemical classification of local hormones that are made from highly active lipids
found in nearly all cell membranes. They respond & stimulate smooth muscles of arterioles or
uterus; increase HCl & pepsin secretion by stomach; cause platelet aggregation; cause
constriction of bronchioles, increase inflammation & pain; induce fever.
minute clusters of cells that produce hormones that contain 2 major types of hormone
producing cells 1) alpha cells & 2) beta cells.
a disease where you get buffalo hump, water retention, high blood pressure, & a moon face.
Term
a. Pineal Gland:
b. Acromegaly:
c. Oxytocin
d. Steroids:
Disorder is due to hypo-activity of insulin. When insulin activity is absent or
deficient, blood sugar levels remain high after a meal because glucose is unable to be
absorbed into most tissue cells.
Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood leads to this disease characterized by
unproportional appendage growth.
e. Cretinism:
7.
hyposecretion of thyroxine in childhood leads to this disease.
g.
8.
the gland referred to as the neuroendocrine gland. Regulates anterior pituitary hormone
release
h. Negative Feedback
9.
a hormone secreted by beta cells in the pancreas that decrease blood glucose levels
i.
System
Tropic Hormones:
10. during late middle age the efficiency of the ovaries begins to decline causing the “change of
life” where a woman’s reproductive organs begin to atrophy & the ability to bear children
ends.
11. a tiny, yellow-brown glands embedded in the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland.
There are usually 4–8 of these glands that secretes this hormone which increases
blood calcium levels.
12. specific cells or organs that a given hormone influences
j.
Thyroid Gland
13. tiny, pine-cone shaped gland in the brain that secretes melatonin & is important to
sexual maturation & regulates the biological clock.
14. Hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands.
m. Islets of
Langerhans:
n. Insulin:
15. an enlargement of the thyroid gland that results from a lack of iodine in the diet.
Causes a knot to appear in the anterior neck.
16. chemical messengers released into the blood by endocrine glands that affect specific cells or
organs.
17. can enter the nucleus, diffuse through the plasma membranes of target cells, activate
genes to transcribe mRNA for protein synthesis & bind to receptor proteins in the
nucleus. They are also lipid soluble.
o. Prostaglandins:
18. a pea-sized master gland found in the sella turcia of the brain. It has 2 major lobes.
r.
19. In such a system, hormone secretion is triggered by some internal or external
stimulus, after which rising hormone levels inhibit further hormone release. The net
effect is to decrease the original stimulus or reduce its effects, slowing the activity or
shutting it off entirely.
s. Hypothalamus:
20. Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary that causes uterine contractions & stimulates
milk production.
t. Hormones:
5.
6.
f.
Target
Organ/Cells:
Parathyroid Gland:
k. Menopause:
l.
Cushing’s Disease:
p. Pituitary Gland:
q. Goiters:
Diabetes Mellitus: