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Chapter 16: Endocrine System
1. Sort the list into major endocrine glands and secondary endocrine tissues:
Pituitary, adipose cells, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal, cells in the cell
intestine, stomach, kidney, heart)
Major endocrine glands
walls (small
Secondary endocrine tissues
2. How do hormones travel to long distance target organs?
3. Fill out the chart for the 3 different classes of hormones
Proteins
Catecholamine
Steroids
Hydrophobic or
Hydrophilic
Synthesis
Release
Carrier in blood
Half-life
Receptors
Examples
4. What type of stimuli are these examples? (humoral, neural, or hormonal)
 The hypothalamus secretes hormones that stimulate the anterior pituitary to release hormones.
__________
 Neurons in the hypothalamus send a signal to release stored hormones. ___________
 Parathyroid gland senses a decline in blood Ca2+ concentration and responds by releasing
parathyroid hormone. ___________
5. Hormones travel from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary via ________________. Hormones
travel from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary via _______________.
6. Define the different terms for hormone interactions at target cells.
 Permissiveness:
 Synergism:
 Antagonism:
7. Diabetes insipidus is caused by a decrease in what hormone? What are the symptoms of this disorder?
8. What hormones secreted by the Anterior Pituitary activate a cyclic AMP second-messenger system at
their targets? Define trophic.
9. What is the structural difference between the thyroid hormones Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine
(T3)? Which is the active form circulating the blood? How is a goiter developed?
10. Explain the steps involved in thyroid hormone synthesis.
11. What two hormones maintain the balance of calcium (Ca2+)? What are the specific functions of each
one?
12. What type of corticosteroids are aldosterone and cortisol? What do they do?
13. What are the differences between Diabetes Mellitus 1 and 2? What are the symptoms of these disorders?
How are these disorders treated?
14. Back in the day what was the simplest way they tested for Diabetes Mellitus?
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REREAD LECTURE NOTES MULTIPLE TIMES
fill out hormone table because it is a great summarization of the chapter
focus of the disorders caused by hypo- and hyper-secretion of certain hormones
know about the feedback loops with hormone production