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Transcript
Intro to Diffusion Drill: Would you rather stand in a very crowded room, which made it hard to move through, or in a room that was less crowded, which made it easy to move through? Briefly explain. Outcome: Explain how diffusion works. Discuss the purpose of diffusion in the body. Draw the movement of water/salt due to diffusion. Cell Membrane The cell membrane is flexible and allows a unicellular organism to move 2 Structure of the Cell Membrane 3 Slide 1 What is Diffusion? • Diffusion: The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Slide 2 Diffusion • The molecules will pass in or out of a cell membrane. • Always from high to low concentration – Way to abbreviate: High Concentration [High] – Way to abbreviate: Low Concentration [Low] Slide 3 Diffusion: Salt Movement • Ex: Which way would the salt molecules move? • Explain. (use arrow to show movement) – H2O = – Salt = Slide 4 Diffusion: Salt Movement • Ex: Which way would the salt molecules move? • Explain. (use arrow to show movement) – H2O = – Salt = Slide 5 Diffusion: Equilibrium • When molecules are equal they are considered to be at equilibrium. 4 of each – H2O = – Salt = 4 of each 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 Slide 6 Diffusion Movement • Kinetic E: The movement of molecules being diffused across a membrane. • The rate (speed) of this movement is determined by the temperature and the size of molecules. Slide 7 Diffusion Movement • Temperature – Increasing the temp. • Molecules diffuse faster – Decreasing the temp. • Molecules diffuse slower Slide 8 Diffusion Movement • Size of molecules - Smaller molecules • Molecules diffuse faster - Bigger molecules • Molecules diffuse slower Slide 9 Recap Diffusion • Molecules move from [high] to [low] • Equilibrium is when all particles on both sides are equal in number • Kinetic E causes them to move randomly • Temperature and Size changes rate of movement Slide 10 Osmosis • Osmosis: The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. • The most important thing here is that: – We are ONLY talking about the movement of WATER Slide 11 Osmosis: Water Movement • Diffusion occurs from an area of high [water] (less solute) to an area of lower [water] (more solute) • Explain which way the water molecules will move. – H2O: – Salt: Slide 12 Direction of Osmosis • Hypertonic – Smaller amount of water outside the cell (more solute outside) – Water moves out of the cell – Cell shrinks Cell in Hypertonic Solution 15% NaCL 85% H2O ENVIRONMENT CELL 5% NaCL 95% H2O What is the direction of water movement? copyright cmassengale 16 Slide 13 Direction of Osmosis • Hypotonic – Less water inside the cell (solute is higher) – Water moves in of the cell – Cell grows and can burst Cell in Hypotonic Solution 10% NaCL 90% H2O CELL 20% NaCL 80% H2O What is the direction of water movement? copyright cmassengale 18 Slide 14 Direction of Osmosis • Isotonic – Water inside and outside the cell is equal – Water moves in and out of the cell equally – Cell stays the same Cell in Isotonic Solution 10% NaCL 90% H2O ENVIRONMENT CELL 10% NaCL 90% H2O NO NET MOVEMENT What is the direction of water movement? equilibrium The cell is at _______________. copyright cmassengale 20 Moves in Moves out Moves Out Moves in/out copyright cmassengale Moves in/out Moves in 21 Slide 15 Recap Osmosis • Water molecules move from [high] to [low] • Hypertonic: • Hypotonic: • Isotonic: