* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cellular Respiration
Survey
Document related concepts
Magnesium in biology wikipedia , lookup
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating) wikipedia , lookup
Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
Mitochondrion wikipedia , lookup
Electron transport chain wikipedia , lookup
Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Light-dependent reactions wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Citric acid cycle wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Monday December 16th 2013 QU: Why do we breathe? **Need book the rest of the Semester** OBJ: Biome Video: Frozen Tundra “Cockroaches can live for 9 days after their head has been cut off.” Tuesday December 17th 2013 QU: How does cellular respiration allow life to continue? **CR Project Due Friday!!** OBJ: Finish Biome, Over Test, Start PRJ Cellular Respiration In what organisms does cellular respiration take place? Plants - Autotrophs: ◦ self-producers. Animals - Heterotrophs: ◦ consumers. Plants and Animals… Cellular respiration’s main function ◦ Turn glucose into useable ATP ◦ 38 ATP per Glucose molecule ◦ Also forms carbon dioxide and water C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy WHY? (cont.) Where does Cellular Respiration occur? Cellular Respiration occurs in the… ◦ Cytoplasm Glycolysis---Cytosol (Cytoplasm) ◦ Mitochondria Krebs Cycle—Mitochondrial Matrix Electron Transport Chain/ATP Synthase---Inner Mitochondrial Membrane WHERE? Outer membrane Inner membrane space Inner membrane WHERE? (cont.) Matrix Cristae What happens in Cellular Respiration? Thursday December 19th 2013 QU: How do you think cellular respiration is similar to our respiration? **Make sure to BRING YOUR BOOK!!!* OBJ: CR Notes and CR Prj “The warmest temperature ever recorded on Antarctica was 3 degrees F.” Cellular Respiration: ◦ catabolic, exergonic, oxygen (O2) requiring process that uses energy to extract energy (ATP) from macromolecules (glucose). Catabolic: Rxn that breaks molecules down Makes CO2 and H2O as well as energy (ATP) C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy WHAT? Adenosine Tri-Phospate: ◦ Made of three things 1.) Ribose (sugar) 2.) Adenosine (base) 3.) Three phosphates ◦ Key to the activity of ATP AMP, ADP, ATP ATP works by losing the end most phosphate. As the molecule goes from ATP to ADP to AMP it loses a phosphate. ◦ With each lost phosphate more energy is released This reaction releases a lot of energy, which the organism can then use to build proteins, contract muscles, etc AMP, ADP, ATP ATP ADP AMP ATP to ADP To ADP releases energy HOW: Steps of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle and Substrate Level Phosphorylation Cellular Respiration is broken into three main parts. ◦ 1.) Glycolysis: splits sugar (glucose) ◦ 2.) Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle): Extracts the energy from glucose ◦ 3.) Electron Transport Chain/ATP Synthase: Turns the energy into ATP for the body to use **In total makes 38 ATP** WHAT? (cont.) Occurs in the cytoplasm just outside of mitochondria. Two phases: A. Energy investment phase -Put energy in B. Energy yielding phase -Get energy out Glycolysis Energy Investment Phase: must put in 2 molecules of ATP to start Cellular Respiration Glucose (6C) C-C-C-C-C-C 2ATP 2ADP + 2P 2 ATP - used 0 ATP - produced 0 NADH - produced C-C-C C-C-C Glyceraldehyde phosphate (2 - 3C) (G3P or GAP) Glycolysis: Step 1 Energy Yielding Phase: Rewarded for your investment by 4 ATP molecules Glyceraldehyde phosphate (2 - 3C) GAP GAP C-C-C C-C-C 4ADP + 4P 0 ATP - used 4 ATP - produced 2 NADH - produced 4ATP C-C-C C-C-C (PYR) (PYR) Pyruvate (2 - 3C) Glycolysis: Step 2 Total Net Yield: 2 - 3C-Pyruvate (PYR) 2 - ATP(You put in two ATP and made for so total you have is 2 ATP) 2 - NADH Glycolysis: The final picture Thursday December 19th 2013 QU: How is energy released from the ATP? *CR Project Due Friday at the end of the hour* OBJ: C.R. Notes and C.R. Project “The warmest temperature ever recorded on Antarctica was 3 degrees F.” The 2 Pyruvates (PYR) (3 Carbons) lose one carbon each. Now they each have only 2 carbons and are called Acetyl CoA (PYR) (PYR) C-C-C C-C-C C-C Acetyl CoA C-C Acetyl CoA “The In-between” Location: Mitochondrial Matrix Acetyl CoA (2C) bonds to Oxalacetic acid (4C - OAA) to make Citrate (6C). It takes 2 turns of the krebs cycle to oxidize 1 glucose molecule. ◦ Oxidize: remove electrons for energy Mitochondrial Matrix Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Total net yield (2 turns of Krebs Cycle) 1. 2 - ATP 2. 6 – NADH 3. 2 - FADH2 4. 4 - CO2 Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Friday December 20th 2012 QU: Step Location Net Gain of ATPs 1. 2. *CR Project Due Today at the end of the hour* **CR Quiz on Friday** ***Journals Due Friday*** OBJ: C.R. Notes and Project “In 1845 Boston had an ordinance banning bathing unless you had a doctor's prescription.” Steps of Cellular Respiration Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Location: inner mitochondrial membrane. ETC and ATP Synthase (enzyme) make ATP. ETC is a series of transport proteins that pump H+ and electrons across the inner membrane to make ATP and Water. Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Electron Transport Chain (ETC) All NADH and FADH2 converted to ATP during this stage of cellular respiration. Each NADH converts to 3 ATP. Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP. Water is also made Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Electron Transport Chain Total ATP Yield 1. 04 ATP – Glycolysis and Krebs cycle 2. 34 ATP - ETC 38 ATP – TOTAL NET Yield ETC Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbJ0nbzt5Kw&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_ mode=1 Total ATP Yield… Makes ATP without oxygen ◦ Anaerobic Process Only uses glycolysis Fermentation Net gain of 2 ATP ◦ By product is CO2 and alcohol in plants ◦ By product is lactic acid in humans The burn you feel when you exercise Fermentation HAPPY BREAK! BE SAFE and MAKE GOOD DECISIONS! Friday December 20th 2013 QU: Stage of Cellular Respiration Location of Stage # of ATPs Produced (Net Gain) **CR Project Due at end of Hour** OBJ: Cellular Respiration Notes and PRJ Monday January 6th 2014 QU: Are there more ATPs produced in Cellular Respiration or Fermentation? **Test 1/8 On Chapter 7** OBJ: Over Project, Practice Quiz Tuesday January 7th 2014 QU: Stage of Cellular Location of Respiration Stage # of ATPs Produced (Net Gain) **Cellular Respiration Test on WedNesday** OBJ: Cellular Respiration Review Chapter 7 Hand Written Notes Cellular Respiration Project Cellular Respiration Practice Quiz Cellular Respiration Graphic Organizer Cellular Respiration Chapter Review Chapter 7 Test Answer Sheet Binder Organization: Ch 7 WedNesday January 8th 2013 QU: How did you study for this test? **Chapter Review to the HW Bin** OBJ: Cellular Respiration Test, Org Binder