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Types of Reactions
Law of Conservation of Mass
•During a chemical reaction, the
total mass of the reactants is
equal to the total mass of the
products. Atoms are not created
nor destroyed.
Law of Conservation of Mass
•Reactants: chemical present at the start of a
chemical reaction
•Products: A chemical produced during a
chemical reaction
Types of Chemical Reactions
• Atoms and molecules react to create chemical
reactions.
• There are thousands of different chemical
reactions, where atoms are never lost, just
rearranged.
H2O → H2 + O2
SiO2 + HF → SiF4 + H2O
Pb + H3PO4 → H2 + Pb3(PO4)2
Cu + HCl → H2 + CuCl2
Types of Chemical Reactions
4 Major Types (Patterns)
– Synthesis
– Decomposition
– Single Displacement
– Double Displacement
1. Synthesis
• Two reactants combine
to make a new substance.
X + Y →
XY
ie. Na + Cl2 → NaCl
(When 2 become 1.)
Synthesis
To
m
Kati
e
Tomkat
Synthesis Rxn Real Life: Table Salt
2. Decomposition
• One substance breaks apart
into 2 substances.
XY → X + Y
ie. H2O2 → H2O + O2
(Breakin’ Down)
Decomposition
Tomkat
Tom
Katie
Decomposition Demo: Peroxide
Elephant toothpaste Experiment
Decomposition Rxn Real Life:
Ammonium Nitrate (Fertilizer)
Carbonic acid (Pop Fizz)
Is each reaction synthesis or
decomposition?
1. Ag2CO3 → Ag2O + CO2
Decomposition
1. P4 + O2 P4O10
Synthesis
1. Fe + O2 Fe2O3
Synthesis
1. KClO3 → KCl + O2
Decomposition
Synthesis
Decomposition
3. Single Displacement
•One element takes the place
(displaces) of another
element in a compound.
Like stealing a dance
partner.
A + BX → AX + B
ie. HCl + Zn → H2 + ZnCl2
Brad & Jen Angelina
Brangelina Jennifer
Single Displacement Rxn Real Life:
2AgNO3(aq) + Cu(s) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
4. Double Displacement
• Cations of two compounds exchange places to
form 2 new compounds. Like switching dance
partners.
AB + CD →
AD + CB
ie. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Dawson Pacey & Jen
& Joey
Dawson
& Jen
Pacey
& Joey
Try Some. Is it single displacement
(SD) or double displacement (DD)?
1. NaBr + Ca(OH)2 → CaBr2 + NaOH
DD
1. Pb + H3PO4 → H2 + Pb3(PO4)2
SD
1. Li3N + NH4NO3 → LiNO3 + (NH4)3N
DD
1. CuSO4 + Al → Al2(SO4)3 + Cu
SD
Putting it all together: Which Type of
Reactions are the following:
a) H2O → H2 + O2
Decomposition
b) SiO2 + HF → SiF4 + H2O
Double
Displacement
c) H2 + O2 → H2O
d) Cu + HCl → H2 + CuCl2
Synthesis
Single
Displacement
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