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Transcript
Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2 Human Neurobiology ANHB 2217 Avinash Bharadwaj Semester 1, 2006 Week 2 Medulla Oblongata IV Ventricle ICP P O Inf. cerebellar peduncle Pyramid and Olive G Cu Central canal Cuneate and gracile tubercles Pons Tegmentum Basilar Basilar part, tegmentum, MCP MCP Midbrain Tectum SC Tegmentum Crus Nerve III and Midbrain Oculomotor “Extrinsic” Muscles of the eyeball : GSE Nucleus close to the midline Constrictor of the pupil (smooth muscle) GVE : Edinger-Westphal nucleus SC ST CP III RN SN C-Sp CP Nerve IV IC Trochlear nerve A muscle of the eyeball winds around a trochlea (pulley) GSE Exceptional course Nerve VI - Abducens MCP VI Pontine nuclei Nerve to the “abductor” of the eyeball GSE Nucleus close to the midline Nerve V : Trigeminal Mixed nerve Sensory : general (GSA) Nucleus in all three parts of the brainstem Motor : Muscles of mastication ++ (1st branchial arch muscles) -- Special Visceral SVE Nucleus in pons Nerve V : Trigeminal Sensory Mesencephalic Proprioceptive An unusual nucleus Pontine (Chief) Spinal Tract and nucleus (MO) Discriminative touch Touch, pain, temperature Motor Pons Nerve VII - Facial Motor : 2nd branchial arch Facial muscles ++ SVE GVE glands Taste : SVA Also general sensory… MCP VII Pons Relationships : MCP VI, VII and V Rostral level : V Motor nucleus of V in line with VII VI VII Pontine nuclei Pontine nuclei : Cerebrum-cerebellum connection (Motor system) Nerve VIII : Vestibulocochlear Cochlear nuclei ICP Vestibular nuclei P P Auditory Head position and movement Both special sensory : SSA Nerves IX and X IX : Glossopharyngeal General sensory : tongue + pharynx : GSA Taste : SVA Glands : GVE Branchial muscle (pharynx) : SVE ICP P P X : Vagus : Wide area of distribution GVE : Muscle of thoracic and abdominal organs, glands Taste : SVA Branchial muscle… Nerve XI : Accessory IX, X, XI as a nerve group SVE component of X : Fibres of XI Nucleus ambiguus Spinal root of accessory Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles Developmental origins…? Nerve XII : Hypoglossal ICP XII P V XI P V XII XI Muscles of the tongue GSE Medulla Oblongata ICP XII V XI P P V XII XI Recognise landmarks XII nucleus – close to midline XI and V Cuneate and gracile nuclei Inferior olivary nucleus Inferior cerebellar peduncle