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Transcript
READING: THE ROMAN REPUBLIC HIGHLIGHT THE ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1. WHAT WAS THE GOVERNMENT OF EARLY ROME? WHAT IS A REPUBLIC? 2. EARLY ROME WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS, THE_____ AND THE____. IDENTIFY OR DEFINE THESE GROUPS. 3. WHO MADE UP ROME’S SENATE? 4. DESCRIBE ROME’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE WORLD. READING: THE GROWTH OF CHIRISTIANITY 1. WHY WERE ROMAN LEADERS ANGRY WITH JESUS? 2. WHY DID ROMAN OFFICIALS DECIDE THAT CHRISITIANITY WAS HARMFUL AND WHAT DID THEY DO TO THE CHRISTIANS? 3. WHO WAS THE FIRST CHRISTIAN EMPEROR OF ROME? 4. WHAT HAPPENED UNDER THEODOSIUS THE GREAT? Rome Creates a Republic Learning Goal 5: Describe how the Roman republic was structured, identify the legal influences of the Roman Empire and explain how Christianity developed out of the Jewish tradition and spread throughout the Roman Empire. (TEKS/SE’s 22B,3A,23A,16C,25B) Roman Empire Rome (not just a city) Political Influences began as a republic in 509BC War and conquest led to huge territorial gains, first in North Africa and the Mediterranean region and eventually into northern Europe Growth in power of the military generals created political power struggles and fall of the republic Republican rule was replaced by imperial rule with the victory of Octavian over Mark Antony Imperial Rome still maintained some political institutions from republican rule, such as the Senate BUT real power was in the emperor and a growing bureaucracy Under imperial rule Rome thrived economically and an aristocratic class of large landed estate owners developed During the 2nd century a period of peace and prosperity –Pax Romana resulted from strong rule Years of political instability, civil war and internal decline made the empire vulnerable to invasion by nomadic (barbarian) groups Ideas of branches of government, republican and imperial forms of government EXPLAIN What are the rights and responsibilities of citizens and non citizens in civic participation throughout history? Classical Rome Distinctive division between citizens and noncitizens, those with no civil rights Only male of the patrician (aristocratic class) could hold political office Both patricians and plebeians (less wealthy class) could vote Plebeians served in the Roman army Identify: How did the following ideas influence the rights and responsibilities of citizenship? Roman legal concepts such as, right to a "trial by a jury of your peers", idea of “innocent until proven guilty" and a right to “equality before the law" are reflected in later Western civilization legal documents and traditions such as the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and US Constitution. Religious/ Philosophical Influences Christianity developed in the eastern edge of the empire originally as a Jewish sect After years of persecution, Christianity was adopted as the official state religion in Rome Christianity remained the major political, intellectual and cultural force in the region even after collapse of the empire Cultural Influences Adopted Greek Hellenistic philosophy, literature, scientific ideas Master builders –roads, aqueducts, fortifications, cities Military power Latin language Roman legal traditions- Twelve Tables, “innocent until proven guilty” right to challenge accuser in front of a judge Rome- Crash Course Here is the another Crash Course Version on Rome. Enjoy! http://youtu.be/oPf27gAup9U Christianity Origins Jesus was born to a Jewish family and as an adult became an itinerant teacher gathering a following of disciples Born in present day Israel Eventually Jesus claimed to be the Messiah and “Son of God” Jesus gained popularity with the poor and common people and threatened the power of the Jewish establishment Jesus Jewish authorities persuaded Roman leaders to bring Jesus to justice Jesus was tried for blasphemy and treason, found guilty and put to death by crucifixion Central Ideas Jesus is divine “son of God” A monotheistic religion Christian teachings are found in the Bible After his death Jesus resurrected from the dead to reveal himself to his followers A second coming of Jesus with happen on a Day of Judgment Worship God, practice love and service to God and fellow human beings is expected Forgiveness of sins and salvation are obtained through belief in death and resurrection of Christ Christian Expansion Spread by followers of Jesus know as the disciples Missionaries were able to reach large groups in urban areas that spoke Greek Roman roads and “Pax Romana” allowed ease of travel for Christian missionaries Christian Expansion Following a period of persecution, Christianity was adopted as official religion by the Roman Empire in 4th century –Edict of Milan Conversion of Germanic tribes in the Middle Ages continued to spread Christianity to regions of Western Europe Later colonization spread Christianity to the Americas in the 16th century Christianity- Crash Course http://youtu.be/TG55ErfdaeY