Download Cellular Respiration 3 Parts Glycolysis Kreb`s Cycle

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Cellular Respiration
3 Parts
Purpose: create a form of energy useable by
the cell
1.
2.
3.
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle)
Electron Transport Chain
• Neither
autotrophs nor heterotrophs can utilize
the energy of the carbohydrate as it is. Both
types of organisms must convert the
carbohydrate to ATP, the energy currency of
the cell, in order to carry out metabolic activity.
• Can be summarized in the following equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP
Glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
Takes place in cytoplasm (cytosol)
Starts with glucose, NAD and ADP
Ends with 2 molecules called pyruvate,
NADH, 2 ATP (uses 2 ATP)
Doesn’t need Oxygen
Takes place in the matrix of mitochondria
Requires Oxygen
Starts with pyruvate
Ends with more NADH, CO2, and FADH2,
some ATP
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Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation
Takes place in inner mitochondrial
membrane
Makes the majority of the ATP (~32)
Breaks down NADH and FADH2
Occurs in the absence of Oxygen
Takes place in the cytoplasm (cytosol)
2 types:
◦ Alcohol Fermentation
◦ Lactic Acid Fermentation
Goal: Reduce pyruvate made during
glycolysis; produces NAD+
NAD+ can then go back to glycolysis to
produce ATP
Alcohol Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Occurs in yeasts and
some bacteria
Occurs in humans and
other mammals
Product (alcohol) is
toxic to the organism
Product (lactic acid) is
toxic to mammals
This is the “burn” felt
when exercising
Fermentation vs. Aerobic Respiration
Each molecule of glucose can generate 3638 molecules of ATP in aerobic respiration
but only 2 ATP molecules in respiration
without oxygen (through glycolysis and
fermentation).
Fermentation
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Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Purpose of electron
transport:
Pump protons across the membrane to
power ATP synthesis
Pump protons across the
membrane to power ATP synthesis
Organelle(s) involved:
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Specific location of
electron transport:
Inner membrane
Thylakoid membrane
Main supplier of
electrons:
Glucose (carried by NADH & FADH2)
Water
Role of oxygen:
Remove electrons from the E.T.C. to
allow electron transport to continue
A bi-product from the splitting of a
water molecule
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