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Download Cellular Respiration 3 Parts Glycolysis Kreb`s Cycle
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3/4/2014 Cellular Respiration 3 Parts Purpose: create a form of energy useable by the cell 1. 2. 3. Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle) Electron Transport Chain • Neither autotrophs nor heterotrophs can utilize the energy of the carbohydrate as it is. Both types of organisms must convert the carbohydrate to ATP, the energy currency of the cell, in order to carry out metabolic activity. • Can be summarized in the following equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Takes place in cytoplasm (cytosol) Starts with glucose, NAD and ADP Ends with 2 molecules called pyruvate, NADH, 2 ATP (uses 2 ATP) Doesn’t need Oxygen Takes place in the matrix of mitochondria Requires Oxygen Starts with pyruvate Ends with more NADH, CO2, and FADH2, some ATP 1 3/4/2014 Electron Transport Chain Fermentation Takes place in inner mitochondrial membrane Makes the majority of the ATP (~32) Breaks down NADH and FADH2 Occurs in the absence of Oxygen Takes place in the cytoplasm (cytosol) 2 types: ◦ Alcohol Fermentation ◦ Lactic Acid Fermentation Goal: Reduce pyruvate made during glycolysis; produces NAD+ NAD+ can then go back to glycolysis to produce ATP Alcohol Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in yeasts and some bacteria Occurs in humans and other mammals Product (alcohol) is toxic to the organism Product (lactic acid) is toxic to mammals This is the “burn” felt when exercising Fermentation vs. Aerobic Respiration Each molecule of glucose can generate 3638 molecules of ATP in aerobic respiration but only 2 ATP molecules in respiration without oxygen (through glycolysis and fermentation). Fermentation 2 3/4/2014 Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Purpose of electron transport: Pump protons across the membrane to power ATP synthesis Pump protons across the membrane to power ATP synthesis Organelle(s) involved: Mitochondria Chloroplast Specific location of electron transport: Inner membrane Thylakoid membrane Main supplier of electrons: Glucose (carried by NADH & FADH2) Water Role of oxygen: Remove electrons from the E.T.C. to allow electron transport to continue A bi-product from the splitting of a water molecule 3