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Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA Structure and Function
Name________________________________
AP Biology
Date___________
Mr. Mennecke
1. Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA?
a. Adenine
d. Cytosine
b. Thymine
e. Guanine
c. Uracil
2. What are the base-pairing rules for DNA?
a. AC, TG
c. AT, CU
b. AG, TC
d. AT, CG
3. A DNA strand having the sequence CGATTG would be complementary to the sequence
a. CGATTG
c. TAGCCT
b. GCTAAG
d. GCTAAC
4. One species’ DNA differs from others in its
a. sugars
c. base sequence
b. phosphate groups
d. all of the above
5. When DNA replication begins,
a. the 2 DNA strands unwind from each other
b. the 2 DNA strands condense for base transfers
c. 2 DNA molecules bond
d. old strands move to find new strands
6. DNA replication requires
a. free nucleotides
b. new hydrogen bonds
c. many enzymes
d. all of the above
Matching:
7.
8.
9.
10.
DNA polymerase & DNA ligase
constancy in base pairing
replication
DNA double helix
a.
b.
c.
d.
2 nucleotide strands twisted together
A with T, G with C
hereditary material duplicated
replication enzymes
11. The purpose of Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is
a. to synthesize the leading strand using DNA polymerase only
b. to synthesize the lagging strand using DNA polymerase only
c. to synthesize the leading strand using DNA polymerase & ligase
d. to synthesize the lagging strand using DNA polymerase & ligase
12. In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that
a. the protein coat from pathogenic cells was able to transform nonpathogenic cells
b. heat killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia
c. some chemical from pathogenic cells was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making
them pathogenic
d. the polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia
Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA Structure and Function
13. E. coli grown on N15 medium are transferred to N14 medium and allowed to grow for two
generations (two rounds of DNA replication). DNA extracted from these cells is centrifuged.
What density distribution of DNA would you expect in this experiment?
a. one intermediate density band
b. one high density and one intermediate density band
c. one low density and one intermediate density band
d. one low density band
14. A biochemist isolated and purified various molecules needed for DNA replication. When she
added some DNA, replication occurred, but the DNA molecules formed were defective. Each
consisted of a normal DNA strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred
nucleotides long. What had she probably left out of the mixture?
a. DNA polymerase
c. Okazaki fragments
b. ligase
d. primers
15. What is the basis for the difference in the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands of DNA
molecules?
a. the origins of replication occur only at the 5’ end
b. helicases and single strand binding proteins work at the 5’ end
c. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3’ end of a growing strand
d. DNA ligase works only in the 3’5’ direction
16. In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample, which result would be consistent with
the base-pairing rules?
a. A=G
c. A=C
b. A+G=C+T
d. G=T
17. The primer that initiates synthesis of a new DNA strand is
a. RNA
d. a structural protein
b. DNA
e. a thymine strand (ie TTTTTTTTTT…)
c. an Okazaki fragment
18. A eukaryotic cell lacking telomerase would
a. be unable to make up DNA from the surrounding solution
b. be unable to identify and correct mismatched nucleotides in its daughter DNA strands
c. experience a gradual reduction of chromosome length with each replication cycle
d. have a greater potential to become cancerous
19. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
a. occurs in the 3’5’ direction
b. produces Okazaki fragments
c. depends on the action of DNA polymerase
d. does not require a template strand
20. Of the following, the most reasonable inference from the observation that defects in DNA repair
enzymes contribute to some forms of cancer is that
a. cancer is generally inherited
b. uncorrected changes in DNA can cause cancer
c. cancer cannot occur when DNA repair enzymes work properly
d. mutations generally lead to cancer
e. cancer is caused by environmental factors that damage DNA repair enzymes
21. The statement “DNA replicates by a semi-conservative mechanism” means that
a. only one DNA strand is copied
b. first one DNA strand is copied, then the other DNA strand is copied
c. the 2 strands of a double helix is have identical base sequences
d. each double helix consists of one old and one newly synthesized strand
Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA Structure and Function
22. A phosphate in DNA is
a. hydrogen bonded to a base
b. covalently linked to 2 bases
c. covalently linked to 2 deoxyriboses
d. hydrogen-bonded to 2 additional phosphates
23. Which of the following depicts the relative arrangement of the complementary strands of a DNA
double helix?
a. 3’5’
b. 3’3’
c. 5’5’
d. 3’5’
3’5’
3’3’
5’5’
5’3’
24. A lagging strand is formed by
a. joining primers
b. joining Okazaki fragments
c. joining leading strands
d. breaking up a leading strand
25. The immediate source of energy for DNA replication is
a. the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates (ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP)
b. the oxidation of NADPH
c. the hydrolysis of RNA
d. the electron transport chain
26. Which DNA base sequence correctly pairs with the following DNA strand:
5’-AATCGGCACAC-3’
a.
b.
c.
d.
5’-TTAGCCGTGTG-3’
3’-TTAGCCGTGTG-5’
5’-UUAGCCGUGUG-3’
3’-UUAGCCGUGUG-5’
27. The correct order in which enzymes are used in the DNA replication process is
a. helicase, DNA polymerase, ligase
b. ligase, DNA polymerase, helicase
c. DNA polymerase, ligase, helicase
d. telomerase, helicase, ligase
28. Hershey and Chase discovered
a. the base pairing structure of DNA
b. DNA enters cells and codes for the synthesis of new proteins
c. when injected with heat killed smooth and live rough strain pneumococci, mice die, thus
proving transformation occurs
d. the semi-conservative model of DNA replication
e. chocolates and banks
29. Griffith discovered
a. the base pairing structure of DNA
b. DNA enters cells and codes for the synthesis of new proteins
c. when injected with heat killed smooth and live rough strain pneumococci, mice die, thus
proving transformation occurs
d. the semi-conservative model of DNA replication
30. Watson & Crick discovered
a. the base pairing structure of DNA
b. DNA enters cells and codes for the synthesis of new proteins
c. when injected with heat killed smooth and live rough strain pneumococci, mice die, thus
proving transformation occurs
d. DNA
Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance: DNA Structure and Function
31. Meselson and Stahl discovered
a. the base pairing structure of DNA
b. DNA enters cells and codes for the synthesis of new proteins
c. when injected with heat killed smooth and live rough strain pneumococci, mice die, thus
proving transformation occurs
d. the semi-conservative model of DNA replication
32. Which of the following are purines?
a. A & T
c. C & G
b. A & G
d. C & T
33. Which of the following are pyrimidines?
a. A & T
c. C & G
b. A & C
d. C & T
34. The bonds which keep A bonded to T and G bonded to C are called
a. covalent bonds
d. hydrogen bonds
b. ionic bonds
e. hydrophobic interactions
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