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Classic Chem: Unit 3 Test Review
Zimmer – 2014
REACTIONS OF COVALENT MOLECULES, THERMOCHEMISTRY & REACTION RATE, AND
POLYMERS
Unit 3 learning goals:

Students will be able to
o complete and balance combustion reactions of organic molecules containing carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen, and explain the reaction in terms of bonds breaking and
forming, enthalpy, and entropy change.
o distinguish between complete and incomplete combustion in terms of reaction
conditions, resulting products, and macroscopic observations.
o analyze potential energy change in terms of the strengths of bonds formed and
broken during a reaction, and use or label potential energy diagram and Maxwell
Boltzmann curve to describe reactions.
o calculate the energy released or absorbed during a chemical reaction using specific
heat and laboratory measurements from a calorimetry experiment.
o understand and explain factors affecting reaction rate in terms of collision theory
and the Maxwell-Boltzman distribution.
o explain how a catalyst speeds up a reaction in regards to activation energy.
o draw the products of a dehydration synthesis reaction between an alcohol and a
carboxylic acid, or between an amine and a carboxylic acid, and to explain how this
type of reaction can be involved in creation of polymers.
o draw the products of hydrolysis reactions of esters and amides, and analyze these
reactions in terms of entropy change.
o distinguish between the three types of reactions of organic molecules that have
been discussed (combustion, dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis) and correctly
predict products when reactants are combined.
o describe the general structure of a polymer
Vocabulary terms
functional group
amine
line-angle drawing
carboxylic acid
combustion (complete vs.
incomplete)
ester
organic
dehydration synthesis
calorimetry
hydrolysis
specific heat (capacity)
Enthalpy
Endothermic
alcohol
amide
Exothermic
Entropy
Driving force
Spontaneous
System
Surroundings
Collision theory
Reaction rate
Orientation
Activation energy
Catalyst
monomer
condensation polymer
polymerization
Boltzman distribution
Potential energy diagram
polymer
Study suggestions and practice questions
Go over your notes from class and from reading and reorganize them – turn tables or diagrams
into paragraph explanations and vice versa. Identify cause and effect whenever possible. Make
a concept map using the above vocabulary terms, connecting them as fully as possible.
Make sure you can fully explain the chemical reasons for the observations you made in each of
the labs, and make sure you can apply the analytical methods (calculations, error analysis, etc.)
you used in the calorimetry lab to example data.
Practice problems from the textbook:
Some additional practice problems:
1. The surrounding material’s temperature increases by 1.0oC for every 1560 J that it gains.
A 0.1964 g sample of quinone (molar mass = 108.1 g/mole) was burnt, and the
surrounding material’s temperature increased from 20.3 oC to 23.5 oC. Find the molar
heat of combustion for quinone.
1560J/1C x 3.2 C = 4992 J
4992J/ 0.001817mol = 2,750,000J/mol = 2,750KJ/mol
2. A 1.55 g of CH4O sample is burnt in a calorimeter. If the molar heat of combustion of
CH4O is -725 kJ/mole, and assuming that the 2.0 L of water absorbed all of the heat of
combustion, what temperature change did the water experience?
1.55g x 1mol/32.05g = 0.04836mol x -725KJ/mol = 35.06kJ = 35,060J
35,060J = 4.18J/gC x 2,000g x (change in temp)
4.19 C is the temp change