Download Unit 6: Psychopathology Name: I. Defining Psychological Disorders

Unit 6: Psychopathology
Name:
I. Defining Psychological Disorders
• A. Harmful dysfunctions
• B. Becomes harmful when behavior is…
• C. Standards of this harmful behavior …
II. Medical Model
• A. The idea that diseases have…
•
B. When applied to psychological disorders, the medical model assumes that these mental illnesses can
be…
III. Bio-psycho-social Perspective
• A. Contemporary perspective which assumes…
IV. Classifying Psychological Disorders
• A.
– 1.
• B. Diagnose people in terms if their _____________
• C. Some do not like the negative connotation of the diagnosis…
•
D. _______________
V. Rates of Psychological Disorders
• A. World Health Organization (WHO, 2000) research said…
•
B. ____ in ____ Americans suffers from clinically significant mental disorders (similar statistics in Britain
and Australia)
VI. Anxiety Disorders
• A. Anxiety is part of ______
• B. Disorders
– 1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
– 2. Panic Disorder
– 3. Phobias
– 4. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• A. Definition•
B. Symptoms:
– 1.
– 2.
– 3.
– 4.
•
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C. Worse partD. Effects _________ (2/3) more than _____
2. Panic Disorder
• A. Characterized by…
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3.
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•
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B. Can be misperceived as a _________ ________
C. Can lead to…
Phobias
A. Characterized by focused…
B. Some people live with __________ everyday
C. Some phobias are _____________________
D. When the phobia prevents…
4. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
• A. Characterized by unwanted…
•
•
B. _______ of people suffer from the disorder
C. Onset is usually in…
VII. Learning Perspective of Anxiety Disorders
• A. Fear conditioning•
B. Stimulus generalization-
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C. Reinforcement-
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D. Observational learning-
VIII. Biological Perspective of Anxiety Disorders
• A. Natural Selection•
B. Genes-
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C. Physiology-
IX. Mood Disorders
• A. Psychological disorders characterized by…
• B. Disorders
– 1.
– 2.
1. Major Depressive Disorder
• A. Depression is the…
• B. It’s a kind of psychic hibernation•
C. Major depressive disorder is characterized by depressed mood for a period of longer than 2 weeks
without any notable cause
– 1. Symptoms include:
2. Bipolar Disorder
• A. Manic episode• B. Bipolar Disorder• C. Occurs in only 1% of the population;
X. Explaining Mood Disorders
• A. Many ______________ and _______________ changes accompany depression
• B. Depression is ______________
• C. Women are _______ as vulnerable to depression as men are
• D. Most major depressive episodes …
• E. Stressful events related to…
XI. Statistics
• A. Depression is _______________
– 1. ________ of _________________ interviewed reported symptoms of depression
– 2. Today’s young adults are …
–
3. Similar statistics can be seen…
XII. Biological Cause of Mood Disorders
• A. Runs in families
– 1. If one twins suffers from major depressive disorder…
–
•
2. If one identical twin suffers from bipolar disorder…
B. The depressed brain:
– 1. Lack of…
• a. Drugs that alleviate mania _____________ _______________and drugs that alleviate
depression _________________ __________________ or ____________________
–
–
2. Brains tend to be…
3. MRI scans have shown that the frontal lobe of severely depressed patients is…
XIII. Social Cognitive Causes of Mood Disorders
• A. Self-defeating beliefs•
B. Depresses people tend to explain problems with…
•
C. Negative thoughts feed…
•
D. Depressed people tend to react…
–
•
1. Their self-esteem _____________ more rapidly up and down based on…
E. Effects women more than men;
– 1. The focus on thinking for __________ tends to lead to…
XIV. The steps to depression…
• A.
• B.
• C.
• D.
• Back to #1 again….
• It’s a cycle!
XV. Dissociative Disorders
• A. Characterized by…
•
B. The detachment can help a person by…
•
C. Dissociative Identity Disorder-
•
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D. Highly…
E. Each personality has its own…
•
– 1. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
F. Dissociative Identity Disorder
– 1.
– 2.
G. Some case studies have shown…
•
H. Disorder is ______ in other countries
•
XVI. Personality Disorders
• A. Characterized by…
•
•
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B. Many different types
C. Antisocial personality disorder (formerly called ___________ or ______________)
D. Antisocial personality disorder
– 1. Characterized by…
–
–
–
–
–
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2. Mostly _____
3.Can be seen in children ______ yrs old
4.
5.
6. React with…
7. Decreased activity in the ___________ _________
XVII. Schizophrenia
• A. The translation for schizophrenia is “split mind”- the split from reality (not of personalities)
• B. Symptoms of Schizophrenia
• 1. Disorganized Thought
– a. Schizophrenics thoughts…
–
b. Their thoughts are…
–
•
•
c. Many psychologists believe disorganized thought is the result of …
2. Disturbed Perceptions
– a. Hallucinations• i. Having sensory…
• ii. Seem almost like __________
• iii. Usually _________
3. Inappropriate Emotions and Actions
– a. Emotions
• i. They react to…
–
• ii. Flat affectb. Actions
• i. Compulsive ______
• ii. Catatonia-
•
•
XVII. Schizophrenia
F. Positive Symptoms– 1. Usually have…
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G. Negative symptoms– 1. Usually have…
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H. Types of Schizophrenia
– 1. Chronic or process schizophrenia– 2. Acute or reactive schizophrenia-
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I. Subtypes of Schizophrenia
– 1. Paranoid– 2. Disorganized-
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3. Catatonic-
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4. Undifferentiated5. Residual-
J. Brain Abnormalities
– 1. Overactivity of …
–
2. Abnormal brain activity
• a. Less activity in the __________ ______
• b. Found enlarged fluid-filled areas…
•
– i. The worse the disorder, the greater the shrinkage seems to be
c. Thalamus is smaller 
•
K. Other Factors
– 1. Maternal virus…
– 2. Genetic Factors
• a. 1 in 100 odds…
•
b. Still leaves room for ____________________ ____________