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Fill-ins
Research in Psych, 5e: Study Guide, Chapter 3
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The answers to these fill-in-the-blank questions can be found in the list of key terms.
1. According to Aronson, it is generally true that an experiment with __________ realism
has more value to science than a study with __________ realism.
2. Near the end of Chapter 1, you learned how Skinner produced his first extinction curves
when the food magazine accidentally broke; this event illustrates the phenomenon of
____________.
3. Hypotheses are derived from theory through the logical process of ____________.
4. A dog’s escape behavior could be the result of trial-and-error learning or it could be an
example of sophisticated reasoning and planning by the dog. The first explanation is
more ___________ than the second.
5. A researcher is trying to design a study to rule out the possibility that a rat needs its
sense of smell to learn a maze. This is an example of what Popper called a ___________
strategy.
6. The perception of inconsistency leads to a state of “cognitive dissonance,” according to
Festinger. The term “cognitive dissonance” is an example of a _________.
7. The theory of cognitive dissonance, proposed in the 1950s, is still leading to predictions
that result in research. That is, on the criterion of _________the theory has been a very
good one.
8. A general category of research that de-emphasizes the importance of statistical analysis
is known as ___________ research.
9. ___________ thinking occurs in science when a researcher sees a connection between
two seemingly unrelated ideas.
10. Jack has developed an elaborate procedure for a study on cognitive mapping. Before
starting the experiment, he collects data on a few people to determine if his procedure is
appropriate and understandable to participants. That is, Jack has conducted a
_____________.
11. After reading about a study on language development that compared two- and three-year
olds, a researcher decides to repeat the study, but add a third group—four-year olds.
That is, the study includes both replication and _________.
12. A good _______________ will describe a construct in terms of a specific and easily
measurable behavior.
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Fill-ins
Research in Psych, 5e: Study Guide, Chapter 3
Answers
1. experimental; mundane
2. serendipity
3. deduction
4. parsimonious
5. falsification
6. construct
7. productivity
8. qualitative
9. creative
10. pilot study
11. extension
12. operational definition
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