Quantifying the DNA Binding Properties of the Binuclear Ruthenium
... Basis of Life: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Deoxyribonucleic Acid, abbreviated as DNA, is known as the basis of life. It has been studied extensively for over a century and has led to further understanding of the development of all living organisms. Gregor Mendel’s experimentation with plants in the ...
... Basis of Life: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Deoxyribonucleic Acid, abbreviated as DNA, is known as the basis of life. It has been studied extensively for over a century and has led to further understanding of the development of all living organisms. Gregor Mendel’s experimentation with plants in the ...
A novel gene encoding a 54 kDa polypeptide is
... Immunoscreening of a genomic library in λgt11 with this antibody resulted in isolation of a clone containing a 49 kb EcoRI genomic DNA fragment. This 49 kb DNA fragment was found to hybridize specifically with organisms which could grow on propane or butane. This fragment could therefore be used a ...
... Immunoscreening of a genomic library in λgt11 with this antibody resulted in isolation of a clone containing a 49 kb EcoRI genomic DNA fragment. This 49 kb DNA fragment was found to hybridize specifically with organisms which could grow on propane or butane. This fragment could therefore be used a ...
Replication origin plasticity, Taylor-made: inhibition vs
... independently derived cell lines in which the amplicons (segments of amplified chromosomal DNA) had different structures. Surprisingly, one of these cell lines (474) initiated replication at several origins in addition to the previously mapped origin that was preferentially used in two other lines ( ...
... independently derived cell lines in which the amplicons (segments of amplified chromosomal DNA) had different structures. Surprisingly, one of these cell lines (474) initiated replication at several origins in addition to the previously mapped origin that was preferentially used in two other lines ( ...
Forkhead Transcription Factors: Key Players in Development and
... A large proportion of the amino acids in the forkhead domain are invariant or highly conserved (Fig. 1), which implies that there is only limited variation in 3D structure and mode of DNA recognition within the forkhead family. This has been confirmed by NMR structural analysis of the DNA binding do ...
... A large proportion of the amino acids in the forkhead domain are invariant or highly conserved (Fig. 1), which implies that there is only limited variation in 3D structure and mode of DNA recognition within the forkhead family. This has been confirmed by NMR structural analysis of the DNA binding do ...
New techniques in plant biotechnology
... 2. Legislation and regulations In the EU Directive 2001/18 “on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms”2 a GMO is defined as: “an organism, with the exception of human beings, in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally ...
... 2. Legislation and regulations In the EU Directive 2001/18 “on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms”2 a GMO is defined as: “an organism, with the exception of human beings, in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally ...
LIMITED DNA SYNTHESIS IN THE ABSENCE OF PROTEIN
... label was conserved through at least one subsequent division. This experiment suggests that "acfidione" D N A is stable at the time of its synthesis or that it is stabilized in some manner during the recovery period. The previous experiments suggest that the product of limited D N A replication in t ...
... label was conserved through at least one subsequent division. This experiment suggests that "acfidione" D N A is stable at the time of its synthesis or that it is stabilized in some manner during the recovery period. The previous experiments suggest that the product of limited D N A replication in t ...
Linear and non-linear dependencies between copy number
... breast cancer cell lines using aCGH reported that 44% of the highly amplified genes were over-expressed and 10.5% of the highly over-expressed genes were amplified. These genes include known oncogenes and potential therapeutic targets. Another early aCGH study on breast cancers [7] found that 62% of ...
... breast cancer cell lines using aCGH reported that 44% of the highly amplified genes were over-expressed and 10.5% of the highly over-expressed genes were amplified. These genes include known oncogenes and potential therapeutic targets. Another early aCGH study on breast cancers [7] found that 62% of ...
How Does DNA Determine the Traits of an Organism
... How Does DNA Determine the Traits of an Organism? Introduction: In this simulation, you will examine the DNA sequence of a fictitious organism the Snork. Snorks were discovered on the planet Dee Enae in a distant solar system. Snorks only have one chromosome with eight genes on it. Your job is to an ...
... How Does DNA Determine the Traits of an Organism? Introduction: In this simulation, you will examine the DNA sequence of a fictitious organism the Snork. Snorks were discovered on the planet Dee Enae in a distant solar system. Snorks only have one chromosome with eight genes on it. Your job is to an ...
shERWOOD-UltramiR shRNA
... To benchmark the shERWOOD algorithm design against the early generation TRC and Hannon Elledge (GIPZ) shRNA designs, the Hannon lab (Knott et al 2014) performed a large scale screen using each of these designs to target 2200 genes that were likely to impact growth and survival based on gene ontology ...
... To benchmark the shERWOOD algorithm design against the early generation TRC and Hannon Elledge (GIPZ) shRNA designs, the Hannon lab (Knott et al 2014) performed a large scale screen using each of these designs to target 2200 genes that were likely to impact growth and survival based on gene ontology ...
7. molecular genetics.
... Each time a somatic cell divides, two daughter cells are produced. Each of these cells receives an identical copy of the parent cell´s genetic information. ...
... Each time a somatic cell divides, two daughter cells are produced. Each of these cells receives an identical copy of the parent cell´s genetic information. ...
How is the biological information arranged in genome?
... single-strand of genomic DNA, 1) reverse-complement symmetry of base or base sequences, 2) bias of four bases, 3) multiple fractality of the distribution of each four bases depending on the distance in double logarithmic plot (power spectrum) of L (the distance of a base to the next base) vs. P(L) ( ...
... single-strand of genomic DNA, 1) reverse-complement symmetry of base or base sequences, 2) bias of four bases, 3) multiple fractality of the distribution of each four bases depending on the distance in double logarithmic plot (power spectrum) of L (the distance of a base to the next base) vs. P(L) ( ...
Oncomedicine Base Excision Repair Manipulation in Breast
... that hormone receptor positive cancers are preferably treated with hormone modulators drugs, radiation therapy and surgery. But, discernible bottleneck is the less response towards genomic insults due to the acquired survival strategy by breast carcinoma [1, 3, 25]. Specifically, triple-negative bre ...
... that hormone receptor positive cancers are preferably treated with hormone modulators drugs, radiation therapy and surgery. But, discernible bottleneck is the less response towards genomic insults due to the acquired survival strategy by breast carcinoma [1, 3, 25]. Specifically, triple-negative bre ...
Involvement of cdks and cyclins in muscle differentiation
... differentiation (Ishibashi et al., 2005). MRF4 is unique since it is expressed both in early stages of myogenesis, and later during muscle development and in adult muscle tissue (Hinterberger et al., 1991; Shen et al., 2003). MRFs operate by heterodimerizing with the E2A gene products (E12 and E47) ...
... differentiation (Ishibashi et al., 2005). MRF4 is unique since it is expressed both in early stages of myogenesis, and later during muscle development and in adult muscle tissue (Hinterberger et al., 1991; Shen et al., 2003). MRFs operate by heterodimerizing with the E2A gene products (E12 and E47) ...
Gene quantification using real-time quantitative PCR
... of normal individuals in order to determine how background levels of this rearrangement might impact the measurement of disease in patients with FL [43]. Many of these studies have benefited greatly by the application of realtime Q-PCR methods. With highly sensitive and quantitative Q-PCR assays ava ...
... of normal individuals in order to determine how background levels of this rearrangement might impact the measurement of disease in patients with FL [43]. Many of these studies have benefited greatly by the application of realtime Q-PCR methods. With highly sensitive and quantitative Q-PCR assays ava ...
Partial Sequence Analysis of the 5S to 18S rRNA Gene Region of
... recently, Schnare and Gray (20) have sequenced the last 100 nucleotides of the 18S rRNA of wheat mitochondria and have demonstrated directly the high degree of homology. We now present the maize 18S sequence for 298 nucleotides from the 3' end, and show that homology varies greatly in different regi ...
... recently, Schnare and Gray (20) have sequenced the last 100 nucleotides of the 18S rRNA of wheat mitochondria and have demonstrated directly the high degree of homology. We now present the maize 18S sequence for 298 nucleotides from the 3' end, and show that homology varies greatly in different regi ...
Improving Virus C type 4 Interferon using Bioinformatics Techniques
... serve as mRNA right away. Transcription starts at a specific site on the DNA called a promoter. Each gene or operon has its own promoter(s). Transcription ends at a terminator sequence on the DNA. The processed transcript is the mRNA, and the information in the mRNA can be used to be "translated" in ...
... serve as mRNA right away. Transcription starts at a specific site on the DNA called a promoter. Each gene or operon has its own promoter(s). Transcription ends at a terminator sequence on the DNA. The processed transcript is the mRNA, and the information in the mRNA can be used to be "translated" in ...
Synonymous codon bias and functional constraint on GC3
... of co-expressed genes defined by homogeneous base compositional domains (37), regions occupied by nucleosome (38) and even functional binding elements as defined by their structural contexts (39,40). It is clear that GC-related DNA polymer physics may play a critical role in the accessibility and re ...
... of co-expressed genes defined by homogeneous base compositional domains (37), regions occupied by nucleosome (38) and even functional binding elements as defined by their structural contexts (39,40). It is clear that GC-related DNA polymer physics may play a critical role in the accessibility and re ...
Chapter 2: Introduction to Molecular Genetics
... However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope. Most of what researchers know about chromosomes was learned by observing chromosomes during cell division. Mitosis is cell division that yields two identical diploi ...
... However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope. Most of what researchers know about chromosomes was learned by observing chromosomes during cell division. Mitosis is cell division that yields two identical diploi ...
Sleep wake cycle in a human being
... Light acutely inhibits melatonin production When humans are given light during the dark phase or in complete darkness when melatonin is high, melatonin levels in the blood quickly drop. This is even observed in some blind patients. ...
... Light acutely inhibits melatonin production When humans are given light during the dark phase or in complete darkness when melatonin is high, melatonin levels in the blood quickly drop. This is even observed in some blind patients. ...
Molecular Biology - Intro
... high degree of purity – characterized transforming factor using highly purified enzymes – found transforming factor to be DNA ...
... high degree of purity – characterized transforming factor using highly purified enzymes – found transforming factor to be DNA ...
The Expression in Staphylococcus aureus of Cloned DNA Encoding
... resistant/sensitive strain pair constructed by transduction. Furthermore, MF5 showed strong homology to a mec-associated fragment of identical length and endonuclease map which had been cloned independently by Beck et al. (1986). MF5 was later shown to be present at one end of a larger section of ch ...
... resistant/sensitive strain pair constructed by transduction. Furthermore, MF5 showed strong homology to a mec-associated fragment of identical length and endonuclease map which had been cloned independently by Beck et al. (1986). MF5 was later shown to be present at one end of a larger section of ch ...
Gold nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery induces immunity genes
... non-microbial-activating signals induces the synthesis and secretion of regulatory molecules known to mediate cell–cell communication that can strongly amplify the innate immune response to cellular stress. Our results highlight the need to study the potential harmful interactions and system effects ...
... non-microbial-activating signals induces the synthesis and secretion of regulatory molecules known to mediate cell–cell communication that can strongly amplify the innate immune response to cellular stress. Our results highlight the need to study the potential harmful interactions and system effects ...
DNA sequence of the control region of phage D108: the N
... We have determined the DNA sequence of the control region of phage D108 up to position 1419 at the left end of the phage genome. Open reading frames for the repressor gene, ner gene, and the 5' part of the A^ gene (which codes for transposase) are found in the sequence. The genetic organization of t ...
... We have determined the DNA sequence of the control region of phage D108 up to position 1419 at the left end of the phage genome. Open reading frames for the repressor gene, ner gene, and the 5' part of the A^ gene (which codes for transposase) are found in the sequence. The genetic organization of t ...
Assembly of additional heterochromatin distinct from centromere
... gene flanked by 1.2 kb sequences of chicken -globin 5⬘HS4 region (cHS4) which is known to function as an insulator even in human cells (Recillas-Targa et al., 2002). The transient expression levels tested on these similar geo plasmid DNAs – that differ only in the promoter sequences – showed 10⫻ h ...
... gene flanked by 1.2 kb sequences of chicken -globin 5⬘HS4 region (cHS4) which is known to function as an insulator even in human cells (Recillas-Targa et al., 2002). The transient expression levels tested on these similar geo plasmid DNAs – that differ only in the promoter sequences – showed 10⫻ h ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.