Chapter 6 Nutrition and Metabolism
... that can later be oxidized for the production of ATP. Polymer formation is important to the cell for two reasons. First, potential energy is stored in a stable form, and second, insoluble polymers have little effect on the internal osmotic pressure of cells. Storage polymers make possible the storag ...
... that can later be oxidized for the production of ATP. Polymer formation is important to the cell for two reasons. First, potential energy is stored in a stable form, and second, insoluble polymers have little effect on the internal osmotic pressure of cells. Storage polymers make possible the storag ...
H 2 O 2
... Carbon monoxide poisoning CO binds primarily to hemoglobin (FeII) and inhibits oxygen transport, but it also blocks the respiratory chain by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase (complex IV). Oxygenotherapy improves blood oxygen transport, administered methylene blue serves as acceptor of electrons from co ...
... Carbon monoxide poisoning CO binds primarily to hemoglobin (FeII) and inhibits oxygen transport, but it also blocks the respiratory chain by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase (complex IV). Oxygenotherapy improves blood oxygen transport, administered methylene blue serves as acceptor of electrons from co ...
serotoninSummary
... Tryptophan (Trp or W) is one of the 20 standard amino acids and is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the human body. Tryptophan is composed of the standard amino acid backbone with an indole ring side chain. Version 1.4 -11/2015 ...
... Tryptophan (Trp or W) is one of the 20 standard amino acids and is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the human body. Tryptophan is composed of the standard amino acid backbone with an indole ring side chain. Version 1.4 -11/2015 ...
ATP? - MCC Year 12 Biology
... Large molecules made from smaller molecules requiring energy in the form of ATP ...
... Large molecules made from smaller molecules requiring energy in the form of ATP ...
Exam #2
... 13.__________ In some cases, plasmids can also mobilize chromosomal DNA and cause its transfer from one cell to another. 14.__________ Female bacteria are turned into male bacteria after conjugation, but the bacteria can be cured of maleness by loss of plasmid 15.__________ The virion replicates ind ...
... 13.__________ In some cases, plasmids can also mobilize chromosomal DNA and cause its transfer from one cell to another. 14.__________ Female bacteria are turned into male bacteria after conjugation, but the bacteria can be cured of maleness by loss of plasmid 15.__________ The virion replicates ind ...
Compounds of Life Chart
... Polyunsaturated – many double or triple bonds between carbon atoms Trans fats – unsaturated fatty acids that have been changed to saturated fatty acids Phospholipids – have hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, help to make up the cell membrane (lipid bilayer) Steroids – contain four attach ...
... Polyunsaturated – many double or triple bonds between carbon atoms Trans fats – unsaturated fatty acids that have been changed to saturated fatty acids Phospholipids – have hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, help to make up the cell membrane (lipid bilayer) Steroids – contain four attach ...
3.2 – Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins
... sugars. Deoxyribose is a modified version of ribose, and is known for its role in DNA as part of the sugar phosphate backbone. Its chemical properties are very different to ribose. ...
... sugars. Deoxyribose is a modified version of ribose, and is known for its role in DNA as part of the sugar phosphate backbone. Its chemical properties are very different to ribose. ...
Chapter_02_4E - Ironbark (xtelco)
... producing hydrogen ions which are recombined with oxygen to produce water 2. Electrons produced from the split of NADH and FADH provide the energy for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP 3. One molecule of glycogen can generate up to 37-39 molecules of ATP ...
... producing hydrogen ions which are recombined with oxygen to produce water 2. Electrons produced from the split of NADH and FADH provide the energy for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP 3. One molecule of glycogen can generate up to 37-39 molecules of ATP ...
respiration revision quiz
... (…………………..), decide which word/phrase is most appropriate. Respiration is a series of ……………………….-‐catalyzed reactions that release ……………………. from ………………………. molecules in order to synthesize ……………………… . … ...
... (…………………..), decide which word/phrase is most appropriate. Respiration is a series of ……………………….-‐catalyzed reactions that release ……………………. from ………………………. molecules in order to synthesize ……………………… . … ...
Chapter 3 → Bioenergetics Introduction Cell Structure
... approaches the active site on the enzyme. Substrate fits into the active site, forming enzymesubstrate complex. The enzyme releases the products (glu & fructose). ...
... approaches the active site on the enzyme. Substrate fits into the active site, forming enzymesubstrate complex. The enzyme releases the products (glu & fructose). ...
Macromolecule/enzyme notes
... reaction without being used up) • lower activation energy needed to start a reaction by weakening chemical bonds ...
... reaction without being used up) • lower activation energy needed to start a reaction by weakening chemical bonds ...
Chapter 4 The Importance of High
... -CO 2 Æ glucose in plant: need input of light energy Æ results in the formation of ATP -even a weak covalent bond is very strong Æ need energy supply to break Æ achieve (달성하다) activation state -activation energy is usually less than the original bond energy, because molecular rearrangements do not i ...
... -CO 2 Æ glucose in plant: need input of light energy Æ results in the formation of ATP -even a weak covalent bond is very strong Æ need energy supply to break Æ achieve (달성하다) activation state -activation energy is usually less than the original bond energy, because molecular rearrangements do not i ...
Ch. 3 Review Guide
... Explain the processes of dehydration synthesis and the process of hydrolysis ...
... Explain the processes of dehydration synthesis and the process of hydrolysis ...
REVIEW - JHSBiology
... 3. Explain how a water molecule is produced when glucose and fructose undergo a condensation reaction. ___________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. What are the products ...
... 3. Explain how a water molecule is produced when glucose and fructose undergo a condensation reaction. ___________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. What are the products ...
Product Information Sheet - Sigma
... Over the years, ATP has been reported to contain various trace ionic impurities which affect enzyme ...
... Over the years, ATP has been reported to contain various trace ionic impurities which affect enzyme ...
Fuel Metabolism
... For example, entry into a torpor bout triggers the upregulation of fatty acid binding proteins (that provide intracellular transport of fatty acids) and of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase, the enzyme that phosphorylates and ...
... For example, entry into a torpor bout triggers the upregulation of fatty acid binding proteins (that provide intracellular transport of fatty acids) and of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase, the enzyme that phosphorylates and ...
CO2 would move across a plasma membrane more quickly than
... light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. What did this outcome show? • A. the relationship between heterotrophs and autotrophs • B. the relationship between wave ...
... light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. What did this outcome show? • A. the relationship between heterotrophs and autotrophs • B. the relationship between wave ...
BiochemReview
... – When bound, BPG lowers the affinity of Hb for oxygen because it stabilizes the taut form of Hb. – Gamma chain – a Serine is replaced with a Histidine, so BPG doesn’t bind to fetal Hb very well. – Thus, fetal Hb has HIGHER affinity for oxygen, because BPG doesn’t bind to it and Hb remains in a ...
... – When bound, BPG lowers the affinity of Hb for oxygen because it stabilizes the taut form of Hb. – Gamma chain – a Serine is replaced with a Histidine, so BPG doesn’t bind to fetal Hb very well. – Thus, fetal Hb has HIGHER affinity for oxygen, because BPG doesn’t bind to it and Hb remains in a ...
Calvin cycle
... 2. The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed. (Sim ...
... 2. The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed. (Sim ...
A summary of amino acid metabolism based on amino acid structure
... amino acids coded for in DNA to intermediates of the Krebs cycle, pyruvate or acetyl CoA via major pathways found in mammals partly or entirely 'ketogenic' in that the portion of their carbon skeleton which must be metabolized to acetyl CoA cannot be used for net glucose synthesis. The six partly or ...
... amino acids coded for in DNA to intermediates of the Krebs cycle, pyruvate or acetyl CoA via major pathways found in mammals partly or entirely 'ketogenic' in that the portion of their carbon skeleton which must be metabolized to acetyl CoA cannot be used for net glucose synthesis. The six partly or ...
Macromolecules biologyjunction
... are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three ...
... are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen atoms than oxygen atoms. Fats are made of a glycerol (alcohol) and three ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.